ArticleThe oncologist2021
Targetable BRAF and RAF1 Alterations in Advanced Pediatric Cancers.
Article in The oncologist, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular features in gangliogliomas: a systematic review.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2026Pooled it
- Type II RAF Inhibitor Tovorafenib in Recurrent/Refractory Melanoma or Other Solid Tumors WithJCO precision oncology · 2026Trial
- ERK1/2 Inhibitor Ulixertinib in Pan-cancer Patients with BRAF Fusions or Non-V600E/K Mutations: Results from the NCI-MATCH ECOG-ACRIN Trial (EAY131) Subprotocol Z1L.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Article
- Primary intracranial RAF1-rearranged spindle cell neoplasm: a case report of a rare entity.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2026Article
- VCAN Is Essential for ERK5-Driven Tumorigenesis in Soft Tissue Sarcoma.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Article
- Rare but not forgotten: Therapeutic advancements for rare childhood cancers.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2025Review
- Dabrafenib in pediatric patients withNeuro-oncology practice · 2025Article
- Molecular Landscape of Pediatric Low-Grade Gliomas: Insights From RNA-NGS and Bioinformatic Analysis.Genes, chromosomes & cancer · 2025Article
- Unraveling the Genetic Landscape of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Korean Patients: Comprehensive Insights from Mutational Profiles and Clinical Correlations.Cancer research and treatment · 2025Article
- Targeting RAF1 gene fusions with MEK inhibition in metastatic melanoma.The oncologist · 2025Article
- Tectal glioma: clinical, radiological, and pathological features, and the importance of molecular analysis.Brain tumor pathology · 2025Article
- Paediatric pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma with a novel SEC31A-BRAF fusion gene.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2024Article
- MOST wanted: navigating the MAPK-OIS-SASP-tumor microenvironment axis in primary pediatric low-grade glioma and preclinical models.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2024Review
- Article
- Targeting CRAF kinase in anti-cancer therapy: progress and opportunities.Molecular cancer · 2023Review
- Exceptional Response to MEK Inhibition in a Patient With RAF1-Mutant Myxofibrosarcoma: Case Report and Mechanistic Overview.JCO precision oncology · 2023Article
- Recurrent TRAK1::RAF1 Fusions in pediatric low-grade gliomas.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- AGAP3: A novel BRAF fusion partner in pediatric pancreatic-type acinar cell carcinoma.Genes, chromosomes & cancer · 2022Article
- Review
- Gene fusions and oncogenic mutations in MLH1 deficient and BRAFV600E wild-type colorectal cancers.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
RAF family protein kinases signal through the MAPK pathway to orchestrate cellular proliferation, survival, and transformation. Identifying BRAF alterations in pediatric cancers is critically important as therapeutic agents targeting BRAF or MEK may be incorporated into the clinical management of these patients. In this study, we performed comprehensive genomic profiling on 3,633 pediatric cancer samples and identified a cohort of 221 (6.1%) cases with known or novel alterations in BRAF or RAF1 detected in extracranial solid tumors, brain tumors, or hematological malignancies. Eighty percent (176/221) of these tumors had a known-activating short variant (98, 55.7%), fusion (72, 40.9%), or insertion/deletion (6, 3.4%). Among BRAF altered cancers, the most common tumor types were brain tumors (74.4%), solid tumors (10.8%), hematological malignancies (9.1%), sarcomas (3.4%), and extracranial embryonal tumors (2.3%). RAF1 fusions containing intact RAF1 kinase domain (encoded by exons 10-17) were identified in seven tumors, including two novel fusions TMF1-RAF1 and SOX6-RAF1. Additionally, we highlight a subset of patients with brain tumor with positive clinical response to BRAF inhibitors, demonstrating the rationale for incorporating precision medicine into pediatric oncology. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Precision medicine has not yet gained a strong foothold in pediatric cancers. This study describes the landscape of BRAF and RAF1 genomic alterations across a diverse spectrum of pediatric cancers, primarily brain tumors, but also encompassing melanoma, sarcoma, several types of hematologic malignancy, and others. Given the availability of multiple U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved BRAF inhibitors, identification of these alterations may assist with treatment decision making, as described here in three cases of pediatric cancer.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.