ReviewInflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.]2020
The coagulopathy, endotheliopathy, and vasculitis of COVID-19.
Review in Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.], 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 240 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
240 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 433 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Bleeding in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Pooled it
- Ventricular repolarization heterogeneity in patients with COVID-19: Original data, systematic review, and meta-analysis.Clinical cardiology · 2022Pooled it
- COVID-19, corticosteroids and public health: a reappraisal.Public health · 2021Pooled it
- Central and peripheral nervous system involvement by COVID-19: a systematic review of the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, neuropathology, neuroimaging, electrophysiology, and cerebrospinal fluid findings.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Alpha-defensins: risk factor for thrombosis in COVID-19 infection.British journal of haematology · 2021Trial
- FGL2-HDAC11 Drives Immunothrombosis via NETs-Mediated Endothelial Capillarization in MASLD Fibrosis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Increased risk of uveitis and optic neuritis after herpes zoster reactivation in COVID-19: a TriNetX database study.QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians · 2026Article
- Differentiating Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) from Acute COVID-19 Using Biomarkers: Toward a Practical Clinical Scoring Model.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Compound Heterozygous Protein C Deficiency Presenting With Splenic Infarction After COVID-19: A Case Report.Cureus · 2026Article
- Vasculitis syndromes: the pathogenic roles of COVID-19 and related vaccinations.Virology journal · 2025Review
- Association of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) enlargement with SARS-CoV-2 infection and long COVID-19.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- COVID-19 Infection and Associated Outcomes in Patients with Nontraumatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Analysis of National Inpatient Sample 2020-2022.Neurocritical care · 2025Article
- Revisiting the monocrotaline-treated rat as a model of inflammatory lung disease: COVID-19 and future pandemic threats?Animal models and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Epigenetic liquid biopsies reveal endothelial turnover and erythropoiesis in asymptomatic COVID-19.Life science alliance · 2025Article
- Hemodynamic and Clinical Predictors of Thrombolysis in Post-COVID Venous Thromboembolism: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Translating animal models of SARS-CoV-2 infection to vascular, neurological and gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19.Disease models & mechanisms · 2025Review
- Immunological orchestration and dysregulation in COVID-19 pneumonia: from viral pathogenesis to precision therapeutics in the post-pandemic era.Folia microbiologica · 2025Review
- Time series differences in coagulopathy in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 and bacterial pneumonia patients: a nationwide observational study in Japan.Thrombosis journal · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Retinal and Optic Nerve Parameters in Recovered COVID-19 Patients: Potential Neurodegenerative Impact on the Ganglion Cell Layer.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Development and multicentric external validation of a prognostic COVID-19 severity model based on thoracic CT.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2025Article
180 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCOVID-19-associated coagulopathy (CAC) characterized by the elevated D-dimer without remarkable changes of other global coagulation markers is associated with various thrombotic complications and disease severity. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the pathophysiology of this unique coagulopathy.
methodsThe authors performed online search of published medical literature through PubMed using the MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) term "COVID-19," "SARS-CoV-2," "coronavirus," "coagulopathy," and "thrombus." Then, selected 51 articles that closely relevant to coagulopathy in COVID-19.
resultsThe primary targets of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are the pneumocytes, immune cells, and vascular endothelial cells. The alveolar damage and the pulmonary microvascular thrombosis are the major causes of acute lung injury in COVID-19. The endotheliopathy that occurs is due to direct SARS-CoV-2 infection and activation of other pathways that include the immune system and thromboinflammatory responses leading to what is termed CAC. As a result, both microvascular and macrovascular thrombotic events occur in arterial, capillary, venule, and large vein vascular beds to produce multiorgan dysfunction and thrombotic complications. In addition to the endothelial damage, SARS-CoV-2 also can cause vasculitis and presents as a systemic inflammatory vascular disease. Clinical management of COVID-19 includes anticoagulation but novel therapies for endotheliopathy, hypercoagulability, and vasculitis are needed.
conclusionThe endotheliopathy due to direct endothelial infection with SARS-COV-2 and the indirect damage caused by inflammation play the predominant role in the development of CAC. The intensive control of thromboinflammation is necessary to improve the outcome of this highly detrimental contagious disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.