ArticleExperimental brain research2020
Pupil diameter as a biomarker of effort in goal-directed gait.
Article in Experimental brain research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Changes in Frontal Band Power and Pupil Diameter Predict Performance During Motor Imagery Neurofeedback.Psychophysiology · 2026Article
- Pupillometry as a biomarker of postural control: Deep-learning models reveal side-specific pupillary responses to increased intensity of balance tasks.Psychophysiology · 2024Article
- Resistance exercising on unstable surface leads to Pupil Dilation.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Eye movements and ERP biomarkers for face processing problems in avoidant attachment-style individuals.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
- Investigating Methods for Cognitive Workload Estimation for Assistive Robots.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Simulated practice effects on the transfer and retention of gait sequences from the upper to the lower extremity.Experimental brain research · 2022Article
- Target position and avoidance margin effects on path planning in obstacle avoidance.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Target position and avoidance margin effects on path planning in obstacle avoidance.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Subjects' eye movement behavior related to cognitive effort during gait was measured as subjects walked to perform low and high cognitive load tasks. We found that all pupil diameter measures, fixation durations, and the proportion of blink duration changed significantly during gait as a function of task load. In contrast, the number of fixations, saccade durations and travel time did not change significantly as a function of task load. Findings showed that pupil diameter was the best predictor of task load during one's gait preceding the performance of the task. While other studies have demonstrated the importance of eye fixation characteristics during gait, our findings showed that eye measures related to pupil diameter were better at detecting cognitive load while walking to perform a task compared to eye fixation data. We also found that cognitive effort was not limited to just the performance of the task, but that it was also exerted during one's gait preceding the performance of the task. Therefore, the additional attention demand caused by an increase in task complexity may result in less attentional resources being available to adequately handle distractions (such as obstacle avoidance) while walking to perform the task. Consequently, this may increase the likelihood of falls in those individuals with lower attentional capacity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.