ArticleMolecular neurobiology2021
Impairments in Peripheral Blood T Effector and T Regulatory Lymphocytes in Bipolar Disorder Are Associated with Staging of Illness and Anti-cytomegalovirus IgG Levels.
Article in Molecular neurobiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unifying the hallmarks of major depression through neuroimmune-metabolic-oxidative (NIMETOX) dysregulation: a mechanistic systems framework.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Review
- Association analysis between CD45 lymphocyte counts and the risk of major depressive disorder: a cross-sectional study.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Immune cell exhaustion and apoptotic markers in major depressive disorder: Effects of in vitro cannabidiol administration.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Neuroimmune, metabolic and oxidative stress pathways in major depressive disorder.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2025Review
- Review
- Conventional and new immunotherapies for immune system dysregulation in postpartum mood disorders: comparisons to immune system dysregulations in bipolar disorder, major depression, and postpartum autoimmune thyroid disease.Expert review of clinical immunology · 2025Review
- Development and Validation of a Multivariate Diagnostic Model for Major Depressive Disorder With Comorbid Insomnia Based on Lymphocyte Subsets and Resting-State Functional MRI.Depression and anxiety · 2025Article
- T helper-1 activation via interleukin-16 is a key phenomenon in the acute phase of severe, first-episode major depressive disorder and suicidal behaviors.Journal of advanced research · 2024Article
- Navigating the Neuroimmunomodulation Frontier: Pioneering Approaches and Promising Horizons-A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Higher T central and lower effector memory cells in bipolar disorder: A differentiation abnormality?Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- T cell activation and deficits in T regulatory cells are associated with major depressive disorder and severity of depression.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- IL-8 (CXCL8) Correlations with Psychoneuroimmunological Processes and Neuropsychiatric Conditions.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Causal role of immune cells in bipolar disorder: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Circulating cytotoxic immune cell composition, activation status and toxins expression associate with white matter microstructure in bipolar disorder.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Mesenchymal stromal cells alleviate depressive and anxiety-like behaviors via a lung vagal-to-brain axis in male mice.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Mood Symptoms and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Due to Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Are Associated with Immune Activation and Aberrations in the Erythron.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- T cells: an emerging cast of roles in bipolar disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2023Review
- Non-SARS Coronaviruses in Individuals with Psychiatric Disorders.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Article
- Effect of Cytomegalovirus Infection on the Central Nervous System: Implications for Psychiatric Disorders.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is now evidence that, based on cytokine profiles, bipolar disorder (BD) is accompanied by simultaneous activation of the immune-inflammatory response system (IRS) and the compensatory immune-regulatory system (CIRS), and that both components may be associated with the staging of illness. Nevertheless, no BD studies have evaluated the IRS/CIRS ratio using CD (cluster of differentiation) molecules expressed by peripheral blood activated T effector (Teff) and T regulatory (Treg) subpopulations. This study examined Teff/Treg subsets both before and after ex vivo anti-CD3/CD28 stimulation using flow cytometric immunophenotyping in 25 symptomatic remitted BD patients and 21 healthy controls and assessed human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-specific IgG antibodies. BD is associated with a significantly lowered frequency of unstimulated CD3 + CD8 + CD71+ and CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3 and increased CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3 + CD152+ frequencies and with lowered stimulated frequencies of CD3 + CD8 + CD71+, CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3 + CD152+, and CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3 + GARP cells and, consequently, by an increased stimulated Teff/Treg ratio. Moreover, the number of manic, but not hypomanic or depressive episodes, is significantly and negatively associated with the stimulated proportions of CD3 + CD4 + CD154+, and CD69+ and CD71+ expression on CD4+ and CD8+ cells, while duration of illness (≥ 10 years) is accompanied by a depleted frequency of stimulated CD152+ Treg, and CD154+ and CD71+ CD4+ T cells. BD and anti-human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) IgG levels significantly interact to decrease the expression of CD4 + CD25 + FOXP+GARP T phenotypes. In conclusion, in BD patients, immune injuries, staging, and HCMV seropositivity interact and cause CIRS dysfunctions and exaggerated IRS responses, which play a key role in parainflammation and neuroaffective toxicity. HCMV seropositivity contributes to an immune-risk phenotype in BD.
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