ArticleAnnals of botany2021
Long-distance dispersal of the beach strawberry, Fragaria chiloensis, from North America to Chile and Hawaii.
Article in Annals of botany, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Diversification, spread, and admixture of octoploid strawberry in the Western Hemisphere.American journal of botany · 2021Article
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2 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsThe beach strawberry, Fragaria chiloensis, is found in a narrow coastal band from the Aleutian Islands to central California and then jumps thousands of kilometres all the way to Hawaii and Chile. As it probably had a North American origin, it must have been introduced to the other locations by long-distance dispersal. The aim of this study was to determine which agent carried the beach strawberry to its Pacific and South American locations.
methodsA deductive framework was constructed to separate between the possible modes of long-distance dispersal involving animals, wind and ocean currents. Bird migration was subsequently identified as the most likely scenario, and then the routes, habitats, feeding preferences and flight distances of all the shorebird species were evaluated to determine the most likely carrier. KEY
resultsSix species migrate between North America and Chile and feed on the beaches and rocky shores where F. chiloensis grows naturally: Black-bellied Plovers, Greater Yellowlegs, Ruddy Turnstones, Sanderlings, Whimbrels and Willets. Of these, only two eat fruit and migrate in long continuous flight: Ruddy Turnstones and Whimbrels. Two species travel between North America and Hawaii, eat fruit and forage on the beaches and rocky shores where F. chiloensis grows naturally: Pacific Golden-plovers and Ruddy Turnstones. Ruddy Turnstones eat far less fruit than Pacific Golden-plovers and Whimbrels, making them less likely to have introduced the beach strawberry to either location.
conclusionsWe provide evidence that F. chiloesis seeds were probably dispersed to Hawaii by Pacific Golden-plovers and to Chile by Whimbrels.
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