ArticleJournal of ginseng research2020
Antiarrhythmic effects of ginsenoside Rg2 on calcium chloride-induced arrhythmias without oral toxicity.
Article in Journal of ginseng research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ginsenoside Rg2 fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Ginsenoside Rg2 attenuates secondary brain injury following intracerebral hemorrhage by inhibiting NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Ionic Disorders in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: Therapeutic Targeting by Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds.Cardiology research and practice · 2026Review
- The mechanism of electrical remodeling in atrial fibrillation and current research status of natural drugs and active ingredients inhibiting atrial electrical remodeling.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Differential effects of ginsenosides on Ca2+ regulation in rotenone-treated neuronal and microglial cells.PloS one · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory Activities of Emerging Rare Ginsenosides F1, Rg5, Rk1, Rh1, and Rg2: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Applications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Investigation ofFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Shenfu injection: a review of pharmacological effects on cardiovascular diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Ginsenoside Rg1 in neurological diseases: From bench to bedside.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2023Review
- Ginsenoside Rg2 Promotes the Proliferation and Stemness Maintenance of Porcine Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Autophagy Induction.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Untapped Potential of Ginsenosides and American Ginseng Berry in Promoting Mental Health via the Gut-Brain Axis.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Functional compounds of ginseng and ginseng-containing medicine for treating cardiovascular diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Mechanism of Action of Zhi Gan Cao Decoction for Atrial Fibrillation and Myocardial Fibrosis in a Mouse Model of Atrial Fibrillation: A Network Pharmacology-Based Study.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Article
- Inhibition of Myocardial Cell Apoptosis Is Important Mechanism for Ginsenoside in the Limitation of Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Ginsenoside-Rg2 exerts anti-cancer effects through ROS-mediated AMPK activation associated mitochondrial damage and oxidation in MCF-7 cells.Archives of pharmacal research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMalignant arrhythmias require drug therapy. However, most of the currently available antiarrhythmic drugs have significant side effects. Ginsenoside Rg2 exhibits excellent cardioprotective effects and appears to be a promising candidate for cardiovascular drug development. So far, the oral toxicity and antiarrhythmic effects of Rg2 have not been evaluated.
methodsAcute oral toxicity of Rg2 was assessed by the Limit Test method in mice. Subchronic oral toxicity was determined by repeated dose 28-day toxicity study in rats. Antiarrhythmic activities of Rg2 were evaluated in calcium chloride-induced arrhythmic rats. Antiarrhythmic mechanism of Rg2 was investigated in arrhythmic rats and H9c2 cardiomyocytes.
resultsThe results of toxicity studies indicated that Rg2 exhibited no single-dose (10 g/kg) acute oral toxicity. And 28-day repeated dose treatment with Rg2 (1.75, 3.5 and 5 g/kg/d) demonstrated minimal, if any, subchronic toxicity. Serum biochemical examination showed that total cholesterol in the high-dose cohort was dramatically decreased, whereas prothrombin time was increased at Day 28, suggesting that Rg2 might regulate lipid metabolism and have a potential anticoagulant effect. Moreover, pretreatment with Rg2 showed antiarrhythmic effects on the rat model of calcium chloride induced arrhythmia, in terms of the reduced duration time, mortality, and incidence of malignant arrhythmias. The antiarrhythmic mechanism of Rg2 might be the inhibition of calcium influx through L-type calcium channels by suppressing the phosphorylation of Ca
conclusionOur findings support the development of Rg2 as a promising antiarrhythmic drug with fewer side effects for clinical use.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.