ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2020
Cryptic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Washington state.
Abstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 198 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
198citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
198 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- How an outbreak became a pandemic: a chronological analysis of crucial junctures and international obligations in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic.Lancet (London, England) · 2021Pooled it
- Remote surveillance and detection of SARS-CoV-2 transmission among household members in King County, Washington.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Sequencing identifies multiple early introductions of SARS-CoV-2 to the New York City region.Genome research · 2020Trial
- A clade of SARS-CoV-2 viruses associated with lower viral loads in patient upper airways.EBioMedicine · 2020Trial
- Rapid Expansion of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Genotype D1.1 Virus across Flyway Regions, North America, Fall 2024.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Containment of a Multi-index B.1.1.7 Outbreak on a University Campus Through a Genomically Informed Public Health Response.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Whole-Genome Phylodynamic Analysis of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Maryland, USA, 2018-2024.Viruses · 2026Article
- Reconstructing the early spatial spread of pandemic respiratory viruses in the United States.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein IgA is associated with worse disease severity in critically ill COVID-19 pneumonia patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Campus-based genomic surveillance uncovers early emergence of a future dominant A(H3N2) influenza clade.iScience · 2025Article
- Toward Setting Minimum and Optimal Data to Report for Malaria Molecular Surveillance with Targeted Sequencing: The "What" and "Why".The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Review
- Reconstructing the early spatial spread of pandemic respiratory viruses in the United States.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Validation of H5 influenza virus subtyping RT-qPCR assay and low prevalence of H5 detection in 2024-2025 influenza virus season.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2025Article
- CLAE: A High-Fidelity Nanopore Sequencing Strategy for Read-Level Viral Variant Detection and Environmental RNA Virus Discovery.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Evolutionary trajectory and spread of respiratory syncytial virus group A in neonatal cohorts in Pakistan amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The evolution and epidemiology of H3N2 canine influenza virus after 20 years in dogs.Epidemiology and infection · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 introductions to the island of Ireland: a phylogenetic and geospatiotemporal study of infection dynamics.Genome medicine · 2024Article
- Early unrecognised SARS-CoV-2 introductions shaped the first pandemic wave, Sweden, 2020.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024Article
- High-resolution epidemiological landscape from ~290,000 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from Denmark.Nature communications · 2024Article
138 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
57 authors.
Trevor Bedford *Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA. tbedford@fredhutch.org.ORCID 0000-0002-4039-5794
Alexander L Greninger *Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7443-0527
Pavitra Roychoudhury *Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4567-8232
Lea M Starita *Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2870-5099
Michael Famulare *Institute for Disease Modeling, Bellevue, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9275-7454
Meei-Li HuangVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2861-8035
Arun NallaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Gregory PepperDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Adam ReinhardtDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7493-0647
Hong XieDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Lasata ShresthaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9760-7348
Truong N NguyenDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Amanda AdlerDivision of Infectious Disease, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.
Elisabeth BrandstetterDepartment of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2387-2499
Shari ChoBrotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6093-9189
Danielle GirouxDepartment of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8943-335X
Peter D HanBrotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2266-1008
Kairsten FayVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6529-9205
Chris D FrazarDepartment of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6730-4426
Misja IlcisinVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1468-7697
Kirsten LacombeDivision of Infectious Disease, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.
Jover LeeVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2391-0512
Anahita KiavandBrotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0678-9367
Matthew RichardsonDepartment of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5989-6361
Thomas R SibleyVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5269-2297
Melissa TruongBrotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9571-3529
Caitlin R WolfDepartment of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4883-1060
Deborah A NickersonBrotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Mark J RiederBrotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8561-6979
Janet A EnglundBrotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1134-4178
Seattle Flu Study Investigators
James HadfieldVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4118-6468
Emma B HodcroftBiozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-0078-2212
John HuddlestonVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4250-2063
Louise H MonclaVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Nicola F MüllerVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2927-1002
Richard A NeherBiozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-2525-1407
Xianding DengDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7648-4652
Wei GuDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2480-6645
Scot FedermanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8712-3131
Charles ChiuDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2915-2094
Jeffrey S DuchinDepartment of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7862-0352
Romesh GautomWashington State Department of Health, Shoreline, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1780-1213
Geoff MellyWashington State Department of Health, Shoreline, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5437-4716
Brian HiattWashington State Department of Health, Shoreline, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0032-9546
Philip DykemaWashington State Department of Health, Shoreline, WA, USA.
Scott LindquistWashington State Department of Health, Shoreline, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4525-9473
Krista QueenDivision of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Ying TaoDivision of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Anna UeharaDivision of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9345-3575
Suxiang TongDivision of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8439-8826
Duncan MacCannellOffice of Advanced Molecular Detection, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8869-1840
Gregory L ArmstrongOffice of Advanced Molecular Detection, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Geoffrey S BairdDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9064-6558
Helen Y Chu *Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Jay Shendure *Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1516-1865
Keith R Jerome *Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8212-3789
Funding
Technology to understand genetic variant effects in contextRM1HG010461 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Douglas M Fowler, Bruce Colston Trapnell · 2019 to 2026
$18.9MReal-time tracking of virus evolution for vaccine strain selection and epidemiological investigationR35GM119774 · NIGMS · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI BEDFORD, TREVOR BC · 2016 to 2025
$4.1MNoninvasive Risk Stratification of Prostate Cancer Using Cell-Free Nucleic AcidsK08CA230156 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI GU, WEI · 2018 to 2022
$1.4MIdentification of diagnostic and prognostic host biomarkers of Zika virus infection by transcriptome profilingR21AI129455 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CHIU, CHARLES YEN · 2017 to 2018
$436kIntegrative prediction of seasonal influenza evolution by genotype, phenotype, and geographyF31AI140714 · NIAID · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI HUDDLESTON, JOHN · 2019 to 2020
$75kNCI NIH HHS K08 CA230156NHGRI NIH HHS RM1 HG010461NIAID NIH HHS F31 AI140714NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI129455NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM119774Wellcome Trust
Abstract
After its emergence in Wuhan, China, in late November or early December 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus rapidly spread globally. Genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 allows the reconstruction of its transmission history, although this is contingent on sampling. We analyzed 453 SARS-CoV-2 genomes collected between 20 February and 15 March 2020 from infected patients in Washington state in the United States. We find that most SARS-CoV-2 infections sampled during this time derive from a single introduction in late January or early February 2020, which subsequently spread locally before active community surveillance was implemented.
Indexed as
Genome, ViralBayes TheoremBetacoronavirusCoronavirus InfectionsCOVID-19HumansLikelihood FunctionsPandemicsPhylogenyPneumonia, ViralSARS-CoV-2Washington
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.