ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2020
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in Europe and North America.
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 277 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
277 citing papers in PubMed.
- Disulfide bond formation between Cys22 and Cys44 in SARS-CoV-2 main protease.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters · 2026Article
- High-Throughput Screening Identifies Covalent Inhibitors with Unique Chemistry and Binding Modes for SARS-CoV‑2 Main Protease.JACS Au · 2026Article
- Tradeoffs between targeted and expanded testing strategies for influenza A(H5N1).ASM case reports · 2026Article
- Ethics and Inequities in the Context of Urgency : A Qualitative Study With Stakeholders on COVID-19 Decision-Making in Germany and Israel.Journal of bioethical inquiry · 2026Article
- Rapid Expansion of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Genotype D1.1 Virus across Flyway Regions, North America, Fall 2024.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- A tiled amplicon protocol for culture-free whole-genome sequencing ofJournal of clinical microbiology · 2026Article
- From nicotine to SARS-CoV-2 antivirals with potent in vivo efficacy and a broad anti-coronavirus spectrum.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Retrospective estimate of COVID-19 infections in nine Colombian cities in 2020.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Article
- Reconstructing the early spatial spread of pandemic respiratory viruses in the United States.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Peru from 2020 to 2024.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- A scalable maximum-likelihood framework for near-real-time monitoring of MERS-CoV evolutionary and zoonotic dynamics.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Genome Sequencing in Infectious Disease Outbreaks.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- DABPU-DE targeting host adipose triglyceride lipase provides broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus effectsFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Review
- Reconstructing the early spatial spread of pandemic respiratory viruses in the United States.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Persistence and spillback of mammal-adapted H5N1 genotype B3.2 viruses among South American seabirds and marine mammals.Research square · 2025Article
- Synthetic host defense peptide inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replicationAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Article
- From Delta to Omicron-Genetic Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 (hCoV-19) in Southern Poland.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Viral escape-inspired framework for structure-guided dual bait protein biosensor design.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- The evolution and epidemiology of H3N2 canine influenza virus after 20 years in dogs.Epidemiology and infection · 2025Article
217 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Accurate understanding of the global spread of emerging viruses is critical for public health responses and for anticipating and preventing future outbreaks. Here we elucidate when, where, and how the earliest sustained severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission networks became established in Europe and North America. Our results suggest that rapid early interventions successfully prevented early introductions of the virus from taking hold in Germany and the United States. Other, later introductions of the virus from China to both Italy and Washington state, United States, founded the earliest sustained European and North America transmission networks. Our analyses demonstrate the effectiveness of public health measures in preventing onward transmission and show that intensive testing and contact tracing could have prevented SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks from becoming established in these regions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.