ArticleBMC infectious diseases2020
Polymicrobial infections and microbial patterns in infected nonunions - a descriptive analysis of 42 cases.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insertion sequence elements associated with Staphylococcus epidermidis evolution in persistent orthopaedic device-related infections.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Predictors and Clinical Outcomes of Ciprofloxacin Resistance in Acute Gram-Negative Osteomyelitis: Insights from a Six-Year Retrospective Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Host niche-specific challenges hindering the treatment of polymicrobial infections.Journal of bacteriology · 2025Review
- Rewriting the Treatment Paradigm: Ilizarov Method Achieves High Success in Septic Non-Unions Without Local Antibiotics or Biologic Adjuncts.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- [Treatment strategies for fracture-related infections with concurrent soft tissue damage].Unfallchirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Fracture-Related Infection-Epidemiology, Etiology, Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2024Review
- Case report: Local bacteriophage therapy for fracture-related infection with polymicrobial multi-resistant bacteria: hydrogel application and postoperative phage analysis through metagenomic sequencing.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Multidisciplinary Treatment of Fracture-Related Infection Has a Positive Impact on Clinical Outcome-A Retrospective Case Control Study at a Tertiary Referral Center.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The antibiotic bead pouch - a useful technique for temporary soft tissue coverage, infection prevention and therapy in trauma surgery.Journal of bone and joint infection · 2023Review
- What Is the Most Effective Empirical Antibiotic Treatment for Early, Delayed, and Late Fracture-Related Infections?Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The Microbiological Etiology of Fracture-Related Infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- [Fracture-related infections after intramedullary nailing : Diagnostics and treatment].Der Unfallchirurg · 2022Review
- Surgical treatment outcome after serial debridement of infected nonunion-A retrospective cohort study.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2022Article
- Is There a Difference in Microbiological Epidemiology and Effective Empiric Antimicrobial Therapy Comparing Fracture-Related Infection and Periprosthetic Joint Infection? A Retrospective Comparative Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Comment on "Bioactive glass S53P4 vs. autologous bone graft for filling defects in patients with chronic osteomyelitis and infected non-unions - a single center experience" by Steinhausen et al. (2021).Journal of bone and joint infection · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFrequencies of polymicrobial infection and pathogens evidenced in course of infected nonunion treatment are largely unknown. Therefore, this study aims at investigating microbial patterns in infected nonunions.
methodsSurgically treated patients with long bone infected nonunion admitted between January 2010 and March 2018 were included in the study. Microbiological culture and polymerase-chain-reaction results of tissue samples of initial and follow-up revision surgeries were assessed and compared with patient and treatment characteristics.
resultsForty two patients with a mean age of 53.9 ± 17.7 years were included. In six patients (14.3%) polymicrobial infection was evident. A change of pathogens evidenced in course of the treatment occurred in 21 patients (50%). In 16 patients (38.1%) previously detected bacteria could be determined by microbial testing after further revision surgery. Staphylococcus aureus was most often detected (n = 34, 30.6%), followed by Enterococcus spp. (n = 25, 22.5%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (n = 18, 16.2%). Five Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to methicillin (MRSA). In patients without polymicrobial infection or further germ detection in course of the treatment, 86.4% of the infections were due to Staphylococcus spp.. Infections due to Streptococcus spp. and gram-negative bacteria were only present in patients with polymicrobial infection and germ-change in course of the treatment.
conclusionA low rate of polymicrobial infections was evidenced in the present study. Germ-change often occurs in course of revision surgeries. Prospective studies with more sensitive diagnostic tools are necessary to elucidate the therapeutical relevance of microbiological testing results for surgical as well as medical treatment in infected nonunions.
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