ReviewPsychoneuroendocrinology2020
Toll-Like Receptor Signaling in Depression.
Review in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- CREB: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Treating Psychiatric Disorders.Current neuropharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- TMEM200A is a potential prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltrates in gastric cancer.PeerJ · 2023Pooled it
- Does C1 esterase inhibitor play a role in post COVID-19 neurological symptoms? A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover, proof-of-concept study.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Trial
- Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) in neuroinflammation: From acute hemorrhagic stroke to chronic neurodegeneration.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Review
- From the Scientific Underground to the Height of Recognition: The 40th Anniversary of Rita Levi-Montalcini's Nobel Prize and the Promising Horizon in Psychiatry.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- The NLRP3 Inflammasome in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Stimulant use disorder indicative of increased serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 concentrations with altered brain reward and interoceptive processing.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Observational
- Antidepressant and Cognitive-Enhancing Effects ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The role of gut dysbiosis in Parkinson's disease: pathophysiology, epidemiology, and emerging therapeutic strategies.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Review
- Neurobiological mechanisms and brain network dysfunction in major depressive disorder: an integrative review.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2026Review
- Brain-bone axis dysregulation: Biological code underlying the bidirectional association between depression and musculoskeletal disorders.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- TLR4 mediates post-traumatic depression via kynurenine pathway activation in a murine traumatic brain injury model.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Acute Sleep Deprivation and the Autoimmune TLR-BANK1 Pathway: Interplay with Gender and Emotional State.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Depression: The Interplay Between Genes and Receptors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Nanotechnology-Enhanced MicroRNAs for Improved Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder: A Comprehensive Review.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Implications of neurogenesis in depression through BDNF: rodent models, regulatory pathways, gut microbiota, and potential therapy.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Review
- Exosomal microRNAs in common mental disorders: Mechanisms, biomarker potential and therapeutic implications.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- Function and mechanism of miRNAs during the process ofBiomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Review
- Diagnosis and etiology of poststroke depression: A review.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- Neuroprotective Effects and Mechanisms ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Depression is one of the most prevalent, disabling, and costly mental illnesses currently affecting over 300 million people worldwide. A subset of depressed patients display inflammation as indicated by increased levels of proinflammatory mediators in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Longitudinal and experimental studies suggest that this inflammatory profile may causally contribute to the initiation, maintenance, or recurrence of depressive episodes in the context of major depressive disorder (MDD). While the mechanistic pathways that mediate these depressogenic effects have not yet been fully elucidated, toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is one potential common inflammatory pathway. In this review, we focus on the role that inflammation plays in depression, TLR signaling and its plasticity as a candidate pathway, its regulation by micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs), and their potential as diagnostic biomarkers for identification of inflammatory subtypes of depression. Pre-clinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that TLR expression and TLR signaling regulators are associated with MDD. Further, TLR expression and signaling is in-turn, regulated in part by miRNAs and some TLR-responsive miRNAs indirectly modulate pathways that are implicated in MDD pathophysiology. These data suggest an intersection between TLR signaling regulation and MDD-linked pathways. While these studies suggest that miRNAs play a role in the pathophysiology of MDD via their regulatory effects on TLR pathways, the utility of miRNAs as biomarkers and potential treatment targets remains to be determined. Developing new and innovative techniques or adapting established immunological approaches to mental health, should be at the forefront in moving the field forward, especially in terms of categorization of inflammatory subtypes in MDD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.