ArticleThe lancet. HIV2020
Perceived HIV stigma and HIV testing among men and women in rural Uganda: a population-based study.
Article in The lancet. HIV, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Feasibility and Acceptability of Group-Based Stigma Reduction Interventions for Adolescents Living with HIV and Their Caregivers: The Suubi4Stigma Randomized Clinical Trial (2020-2022).AIDS and behavior · 2024Trial
- "AIDS care · 2026Article
- Long-term trends in HIV-related stigma among older adults with and without HIV: a cohort study from Mbarara, Uganda.The Gerontologist · 2026Article
- Declining but increasingly concentrated HIV stigma in rural Uganda: population-based cohort study, 2014-2024.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Geospatial Approaches to HIV Care: a Scoping Review of Asset Mapping.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Article
- Multilevel factors associated with HIV-related stigma among women living with HIV in Guangdong Province, China: a social-ecological model-informed study.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2024Article
- Client experiences with "Dynamic Choice Prevention," a model for flexible patient-centred HIV prevention delivery in rural Eastern Africa.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Article
- Characterising People who inject drugs, and association with HIV infection: A Situation Analysis in Kampala city, Uganda.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Multilevel strategies to end HIV for young couples in Cape Town: Study protocol for a cluster randomized trial.PloS one · 2024Article
- Experiences of stigma and HIV care engagement in the context of Treat All in Rwanda: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2023Article
- A Psychometric Evaluation and a Framework Test of the HIV Stigma Mechanisms Scale Among a Population-Based Sample of Men and Women Living with HIV in Central Uganda.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Changing attitudes towards HIV testing and treatment among three generations of men in Cameroon: a qualitative analysis using the Fogg Behavior Model.BMC public health · 2023Article
- A social innovation to empower community-led monitoring and mobilization for HIV prevention in rural Kenya: experimenting to reduce the HIV prevention policy-implementation gap.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Uptake and perceptions of oral HIV self-testing delivered by village health teams among men in Central Uganda: A concurrent parallel mixed methods analysis.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Associations between HIV testing and multilevel stigmas among gay men and other men who have sex with men in nine urban centers across the United States.BMC health services research · 2022Article
- Risky sexual behaviour and HIV testing uptake among male college students: a cross-sectional study in China.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Exploring factors associated with HIV secondary stigma among adolescents and young adults in Uganda: A cross-sectional study.Global public health · 2022Article
- Maternal PrEP Use in HIV-Uninfected Pregnant Women in South Africa: Role of Stigma in PrEP Initiation, Retention and Adherence.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
- HIV-related stigma experiences and coping strategies among pregnant women in rural Uganda: A qualitative descriptive study.PloS one · 2022Article
- "Deadly", "fierce", "shameful": notions of antiretroviral therapy, stigma and masculinities intersecting men's life-course in Blantyre, Malawi.BMC public health · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStigma is a formidable social structural barrier to HIV testing, and yet the effect of stigma on HIV testing is rarely examined at the community level. We aimed to examine the geospatial relationships of perceived HIV stigma and HIV testing among men and women living in rural Uganda.
methodsWomen and men (aged ≥18 years or emancipated minor) residing in rural areas of Uganda who self-identified as HIV negative completed interviews that included measures of HIV testing history and how participants perceived HIV stigma. We used geospatial cluster analyses to identify areas of higher perceived stigma and lower perceived stigma and the geographical dispersion of these areas. We used Poisson regression models stratified by gender to test individual-level and community-level perceived stigma in relation to frequency of HIV testing in the previous 2 years.
findingsBetween Nov 25, 2015, and May 26, 2017, we interviewed 9740 participants (4359 [45%] men and 5381 [55%] women]), among whom 940 (9%) had never been tested for HIV, and among those who had been tested, 1131 (12%) had not been tested in the previous 2 years. Men (3134 [72%] of 4359) were less likely to have been tested in the past 2 years than women (4535 [84%] of 5381) were (p<0·001). We used Poisson regression models, reporting B coefficients, to test study hypotheses regarding the effects of individual-level and community-level stigma on HIV testing frequency counts. Multilevel modelling showed that women showed significant individual-level (B=-0·173, p<0·001) and community-level (B=-0·223, p<0·001) associations between lower stigma predicting higher rates of HIV testing. For men, lower individual-level perceived stigma was also associated with higher testing frequency (B=-0·030, p=0·018), whereas higher community-level perceived stigma was associated with higher testing frequency (B=0·077, p=0·008).
interpretationOur results suggest that perceived HIV stigma at the community level exerts a differential influence on testing for women and men. HIV testing campaigns that are targeted to men and women in rural Uganda will require gender tailoring to fit local contexts.
fundingUS National Institute of Mental Health.
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