ReviewThe FEBS journal2021
Exosomes as mediators of immune regulation and immunotherapy in cancer.
Review in The FEBS journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 137 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
137 citing papers in PubMed.
- Extracellular Vesicles in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Opportunities and Obstacles for Therapeutic Advancement.Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 2026Review
- The Dual Role of Exosomes in Gout: From Inflammatory Amplifiers to Therapeutic Regulators.Inflammation · 2026Review
- CD147 promotes NSCLC metastasis by inducing secretory autophagy-dependent exosome secretion via TRIM56-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of GCN2.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicles in prostate cancer: current understanding and future perspectives.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2026Review
- Exosomal miR-92a-3p promotes pancreatic cancer cells' extravasation by inducing vascular permeability through inhibition of DAB2IP.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Exosome-based strategies and immunotherapy for skin cancer: mechanisms, challenges, and future directions.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- Microvesicle Profiles in Patients with HIV, HBV, and HCV Infections: An Exploratory Pilot Study.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Research on exosomes in cancer multidrug resistance and clinical translation.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2026Review
- Exosomes as Precise Regulators of the Osteoimmune Microenvironment: Engineering Strategies for Bone Regeneration.Biomaterials research · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles in the immune regulation of hematological malignancies: mechanisms, prognostic significance, and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Exosomal biomarkers and therapeutics in lung cancer: a narrative review on their role in early detection and targeted treatment.Translational lung cancer research · 2025Review
- Gingival mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal miR-23a-3p targets IL-6R to attenuate autoimmune insulitis: a cell-free therapeutic strategy for type 1 diabetes.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Integration of exosome-related genes and differential expression analysis reveals potential biomarkers for prostate cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- The cGAS‒STING pathway in colorectal cancer: bridging innate immunity and therapeutic strategies.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Review
- Regulation of immune-mediated chemoresistance in cancer by lncRNAs: an in-depth review of signaling pathways.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Current concepts in the management of proximal femoral osteochondromas: a narrative review.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Review
- Immunomodulatory and Regenerative Functions of MSC-Derived Exosomes in Bone Repair.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
- The role of exosomes in bladder cancer immunotherapy.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2025Review
- The multifaceted roles of exosomes in corneal biology: elucidation of underlying mechanisms and therapeutic applications.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
77 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin that enclose a multitude of functional biomolecules. Exosomes have emerged as key players of intercellular communication in physiological and pathological conditions. In cancer, depending on the context, exosomes can oppose or potentiate the development of an aggressive tumor microenvironment, thereby impacting tumor progression and clinical outcome. Increasing evidence has established exosomes as important mediators of immune regulation in cancer, as they deliver a plethora of signals that can either support or restrain immunosuppression of lymphoid and myeloid cell populations in tumors. Here, we review the current knowledge related to exosome-mediated regulation of lymphoid (T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and NK cells) and myeloid (macrophages, dendritic cells, monocytes, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and neutrophils) cell populations in cancer. We also discuss the translational potential of engineered exosomes as immunomodulatory agents for cancer therapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.