Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32909606›Full record

ArticleSchizophrenia bulletin2021

The Latent Structure of Negative Symptoms in Individuals With Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome and Early Psychosis: Support for the 5 Consensus Domains.

Wing Chung Chang, Gregory P Strauss, Anthony O Ahmed, Sandra C Y Wong, Joe K N Chan, Edwin H M Lee, Sherry K W Chan, Christy L M Hui, Sydney H James, Hannah C Chapman and 1 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
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  6. Neuroanatomical Correlates of Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
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  10. Social network reductions are associated with negative symptoms in schizophrenia.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025
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  13. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Wing Chung ChangDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.
Gregory P StraussDepartment of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.
Anthony O AhmedDepartment of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.
Sandra C Y WongDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.
Joe K N ChanDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.
Edwin H M LeeDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.
Sherry K W ChanDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.
Christy L M HuiDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.
Sydney H JamesDepartment of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.
Hannah C ChapmanDepartment of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.
Eric Y H ChenDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.
University of Hong Kong · HKUniversity of Georgia · USCornell University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Negative symptoms are prevalent in the prodromal and first-episode phases of psychosis and highly predictive of poor clinical outcomes (eg, liability for conversion and functioning). However, the latent structure of negative symptoms is unclear in the early phases of illness. Determining the latent structure of negative symptoms in early psychosis (EP) is of critical importance for early identification, prevention, and treatment efforts. In the current study, confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate latent structure in relation to 4 theoretically derived models: 1. a 1-factor model, 2. a 2-factor model with expression (EXP) and motivation and pleasure (MAP) factors, 3. a 5-factor model with separate factors for the 5 National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) consensus development conference domains (blunted affect, alogia, anhedonia, avolition, and asociality), and 4. a hierarchical model with 2 second-order factors reflecting EXP and MAP, as well as 5 first-order factors reflecting the 5 consensus domains. Participants included 164 individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) who met the criteria for a prodromal syndrome and 377 EP patients who were rated on the Brief Negative Symptom Scale. Results indicated that the 1- and 2-factor models provided poor fit for the data. The 5-factor and hierarchical models provided excellent fit, with the 5-factor model outperforming the hierarchical model. These findings suggest that similar to the chronic phase of schizophrenia, the latent structure of negative symptom is best conceptualized in relation to the 5 consensus domains in the CHR and EP populations. Implications for early identification, prevention, and treatment are discussed.

Indexed as

Affective SymptomsAnhedoniaAphasiaMotivationPsychometricsPsychotic DisordersSocial BehaviorAdolescentAdultConsensus Statements as TopicFactor Analysis, StatisticalFemaleHumansMaleModels, StatisticalNeuropsychological Testsalogiaanhedoniaasocialityavolitionblunted affect

Identifiers

PMID32909606
PMCPMC7965067
OpenAlexW3086787725

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.