ReviewExperimental & molecular medicine2020
The effects of different dietary fiber pectin structures on the gastrointestinal immune barrier: impact via gut microbiota and direct effects on immune cells.
Review in Experimental & molecular medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 129 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
129 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 299 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Potential of Pectins to Modulate the Human Gut Microbiota Evaluated by In Vitro Fermentation: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
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- Decoding dietary pectin: from structural complexity and microbial CAZyme-PUL networks to cross-feeding and host-beneficial metabolites.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Short-Chain Fatty Acids: Microbial Metabolites Driving Gut-Eye Axis Signaling.Comprehensive physiology · 2026Review
- Fructooligosaccharides and ellagic acid synergistically enhance muscular endurance via targeting gut microbial urolithin A biosynthesis.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory Function of Soluble Dietary Fiber: Toward Application for Prevention and Treatment of Food Allergies.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2026Review
- CAR-T Cell Therapy and Gut Microbiota Modulation in Multiple Sclerosis: Emerging Therapeutic Strategies and Current Limitations.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Breastfeeding type is associated with urinary metabolic changes in early life: influence of sex and early weight gain in healthy term infants.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2026Article
- How Complex Dietary Fibers Can Be Used to Shape the Human Gut Microbiome Toward Reduced Inflammatory Potential: A Pilot Study.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Yam Protects Immunocompromised Mice from Influenza Infection via the Gut-SCFA-GPCR-Immune Axis.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Dietary Fiber and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Obesity Management: Converging Mechanisms, Interactions, and Strategies for Durable Weight Control.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota: A key player for soluble dietary fiber in regulating inflammatory disease.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Soluble Dietary Fiber fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The Role and Potential Mechanism of Pectin and Pectin Oligosaccharides in Treating Intestinal Inflammation by Regulating Gut Microbiota.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Investigation of Antitumor Activity of Modified Citrus Pectin: Oral and Intravenous Administration Assessed via Molecular Imaging.Biomacromolecules · 2026Article
- Review
- Rhamnogalacturonan rich fractions isolated fromNutrition research and practice · 2026Article
- Saskatoon berry (Food science and biotechnology · 2026Review
69 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pectins are dietary fibers with different structural characteristics. Specific pectin structures can influence the gastrointestinal immune barrier by directly interacting with immune cells or by impacting the intestinal microbiota. The impact of pectin strongly depends on the specific structural characteristics of pectin; for example, the degree of methyl-esterification, acetylation and rhamnogalacturonan I or rhamnogalacturonan II neutral side chains. Here, we review the interactions of specific pectin structures with the gastrointestinal immune barrier. The effects of pectin include strengthening the mucus layer, enhancing epithelial integrity, and activating or inhibiting dendritic cell and macrophage responses. The direct interaction of pectins with the gastrointestinal immune barrier may be governed through pattern recognition receptors, such as Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 or Galectin-3. In addition, specific pectins can stimulate the diversity and abundance of beneficial microbial communities. Furthermore, the gastrointestinal immune barrier may be enhanced by short-chain fatty acids. Moreover, pectins can enhance the intestinal immune barrier by favoring the adhesion of commensal bacteria and inhibiting the adhesion of pathogens to epithelial cells. Current data illustrate that pectin may be a powerful dietary fiber to manage and prevent several inflammatory conditions, but additional human studies with pectin molecules with well-defined structures are urgently needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.