Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32907659›Full record

ArticlePublic health nutrition2022

Intake of carbohydrates and SFA and risk of CHD in middle-age adults: the Hordaland Health Study (HUSK).

Teresa R Haugsgjerd, Grace M Egeland, Ottar K Nygård, Jannicke Igland, Gerhard Sulo, Vegard Lysne, Kathrine J Vinknes, Kjetil Bjornevik, Grethe S Tell

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Public health nutrition, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 39% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Teresa R HaugsgjerdDepartment of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 17, 5009Bergen, Norway.
Grace M EgelandDepartment of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 17, 5009Bergen, Norway.
Ottar K NygårdDepartment of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Jannicke IglandDepartment of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 17, 5009Bergen, Norway.
Gerhard SuloCentre for Disease Burden, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.
Vegard LysneDepartment of Clinical Science, Centre for Nutrition, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Kathrine J VinknesFaculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Kjetil BjornevikDepartment of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 17, 5009Bergen, Norway.
Grethe S TellDepartment of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 17, 5009Bergen, Norway.
University of Bergen · NOHaukeland University Hospital · NONorwegian Institute of Public Health · NOUniversity of Oslo · NOWestern Norway University of Applied Sciences · NO

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveLimiting SFA intake may minimise the risk of CHD. However, such reduction often leads to increased intake of carbohydrates. We aimed to evaluate associations and the interplay of carbohydrate and SFA intake on CHD risk.

designProspective cohort study.

settingWe followed participants in the Hordaland Health Study, Norway from 1997-1999 through 2009. Information on carbohydrate and SFA intake was obtained from a FFQ and analysed as continuous and categorical (quartiles) variables. Multivariable Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI. Theoretical substitution analyses modelled the substitution of carbohydrates with other nutrients. CHD was defined as fatal or non-fatal CHD (ICD9 codes 410-414 and ICD10 codes I20-I25).

participants2995 men and women, aged 46-49 years.

resultsAdjusting for age, sex, energy intake, physical activity and smoking, SFA was associated with lower risk (HRQ4 v. Q1 0·44, 95 % CI 0·26, 0·76, Ptrend = 0·002). For carbohydrates, the opposite pattern was observed (HRQ4 v. Q1 2·10, 95 % CI 1·22, 3·63, Ptrend = 0·003). SFA from cheese was associated with lower CHD risk (HRQ4 v. Q1 0·44, 95 % CI 0·24, 0·83, Ptrend = 0·006), while there were no associations between SFA from other food items and CHD. A 5 E% substitution of carbohydrates with total fat, but not SFA, was associated with lower CHD risk (HR 0·75, 95 % CI 0·62, 0·90).

conclusionsHigher intake of predominantly high glycaemic carbohydrates and lower intake of SFA, specifically lower intake from cheese, were associated with higher CHD risk. Substituting carbohydrates with total fat, but not SFA, was associated with significantly lower risk of CHD.

Indexed as

DietDietary FatsAdultDietary CarbohydratesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsDietary CarbohydratesDietary FatsCarbohydratesCHDCohortSFA

Identifiers

PMID32907659
PMCPMC9991815
OpenAlexW3085579819

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.