ArticleJournal of clinical and experimental dentistry2020
Effect of bleaching agents on hardness, surface roughness and color parameters of dental enamel.
Article in Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Comparison of tooth surface roughness after bleaching with conventional and different light-activated methods.Lasers in medical science · 2026Article
- Etch-Bleach-Seal Technique in Managing Enamel Hypomineralization: A Case Report With Narrative Literature Review.Case reports in dentistry · 2026Article
- Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of novel bleaching gels containing bioactive glass and nano-hydroxyapatite on hydrogen peroxide diffusion, bleaching efficacy and enamel protection.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Article
- Effect of a Home Bleaching Gel Containing Chitosan and Theobromine on Tooth Surface Roughness, Microhardness, and Colour Change.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Influence of Propolis Extract on Bleaching Effectiveness and Enamel Physical Properties.Acta stomatologica Croatica · 2025Article
- Article
- In Vitro Evaluation of Chemical and Microhardness Alterations in Human Enamel Induced by Three Commercial In-Office Bleaching Agents.Dentistry journal · 2025Article
- Prevention of Tooth Discoloration Using Fluoride Varnish Immediately After Bleaching.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Article
- From Microstructure to Shade Shift: Confocal and Spectrophotometric Evaluation of Peroxide-Induced Dental Bleaching.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Effect of different remineralization agents on the optical properties of bleached enamel.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Artificial intelligence in dentistry: Assessing the informational quality of YouTube videos.PloS one · 2025Article
- Assessment of the effect of experimental gel of pregabalin associated with 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching on bovine dental enamel: an in vitro study.Odontology · 2025Article
- Comparative analysis of enamel mineral content and surface morphology alterations after bleaching: a study using colorimetric spectrophotometry and scanning electron microscopy.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2025Article
- In Vitro Evaluation of the Effectiveness and pH Variation of Dental Bleaching Gels and Their Effect on Enamel Surface Roughness.Dentistry journal · 2024Article
- Effect of an experimental desensitizer with a hydroxyapatite-capsaicin composite applied before in-office dental bleaching on hydrogen peroxide diffusion, color and surface changes.Clinical oral investigations · 2024Article
- Biological action of bleaching agents on tooth structure: A review.Histology and histopathology · 2024Review
- Feasibility and Safety of Adopting a New Approach in Delivering a 450 nm Blue Laser with a Flattop Beam Profile in Vital Tooth Whitening. A Clinical Case Series with an 8-Month Follow-Up.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Role of the novelPeerJ · 2024Article
- Effect of various post-curing light intensities, times, and energy levels on the color of 3D-printed resin crowns.Journal of dental sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn this study was evaluated the effect of carbamide peroxide (CP) and hydrogen peroxide (HP) in different concentrations on hardness, roughness, and color parameters (color change - ΔE, lightness - ΔL, and yellow-blue axis - Δb) of bovine teeth. MATERIAL AND
methodsFifty square dental blocks (7 x 7 x 2 mm) were submitted to initial readings of Knoop hardness, surface roughness (Ra), and color parameters. Specimens were divided into 5 groups (n = 10): control group was kept in artificial saliva during the experimental period; CP 20% was bleached for 2 h daily for 14 days, HP 9.5% was bleached for 30 min daily for 14 days, HP 38% the bleaching gel was applied for 15 min, gel was removed and it was reapplied for two more times, the bleaching session was repeated for another 2 times every 7 days, totaling three sessions, and in CP 45% three sessions of 30 min each were performed of 7 in 7 days. All groups after the bleaching procedures had the bleaching gel removed, washed, and kept in artificial saliva. At the end of bleaching treatment, the hardness, roughness, and color parameters (ΔE, ΔL, and Δb) were re-evaluated. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, Tukey, and Dunnett tests (α = 0.05).
resultsBleaching promoted a reduction in hardness, the CP 45% showed the lowest hardness and the CP 20% the highest, the HP 9.5% and HP 38% showed intermediate values of hardness. Bleaching agents did not affect the roughness. CP 20% and HP 38% promoted the highest values of ΔE and higher reduction of yellowish tone of tooth. Lightness increase after bleaching treatment for all groups.
conclusionsAll the bleaching agents tested showed effectiveness, but with reduced hardness.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.