ArticleHardwareX2020
Parametric nasopharyngeal swab for sampling COVID-19 and other respiratory viruses: Open source design, SLA 3-D printing and UV curing system.
Article in HardwareX, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Validation of polyester nasal swabs for post-mortem SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis in Karachi, Pakistan: a prospective surveillance analysis.Journal of global health · 2025Observational
- Core Legal Challenges for Medical 3D Printing in the EU.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Unprecedented Role of 3D Printing Technology in Fighting the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Review.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Open-Source Hardware May Address the Shortage in Medical Devices for Patients with Low-Income and Chronic Respiratory Diseases in Low-Resource Countries.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Review
- 3D-printed swab with cover for precision diagnosis.Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine · 2022Article
- Article
- On-Site, On-Demand 3D-Printed Nasopharyngeal Swabs to Improve the Access of Coronavirus Disease-19 Testing.Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) · 2021Article
- Role of additive manufacturing in medical application COVID-19 scenario: India case study.Journal of manufacturing systems · 2021Article
- Review
- 3D printing in the battle against COVID-19.Emergent materials · 2021Review
- 3D printing of nasopharyngeal swabs for COVID-19 diagnose: Past and current trends.Materials today. Proceedings · 2021Article
- Article
- Three-dimensional printing in the fight against novel virus COVID-19: Technology helping society during an infectious disease pandemic.Technology in society · 2020Article
- Additive manufacturing against the Covid-19 pandemic: a technological model for the adaptability and networking.Journal of materials research and technologyReview
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Access to nasopharyngeal swabs for sampling remain a bottleneck in some regions for COVID-19 testing. This study develops a distributed manufacturing solution using only an open source manufacturing tool chain consisting of two types of open source 3-D printing and batch UV curing, and provides a parametric fully free design of a nasopharyngeal swab. The swab was designed using parametric OpenSCAD in two components (a head with engineered break point and various handles), which has several advantages: i) minimizing print time on relatively slow SLA printers, ii) enabling the use of smaller print volume open source SLA printers, iii) reducing the amount of relatively expensive UV resin, and iv) enabling production of handle on more accessible material extrusion 3-D printers. A modular open source UV LED box was designed, fabricated for $45 and tested for batch curing. Swabs can be fabricated for $0.06-$0.12/swab. The results of the mechanical validation tests showed that the swabs could withstand greater forces than would be expected in normal clinical use. The swabs were also able to absorb a significant amounts of synthetic mucus materials and passed abrasion and handling tests. The results show the open source swab are promising candidates for clinical trials.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.