Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32903957›Full record

ArticleJournal of food science and technology2020

Extraction, characterization and molecular structure of bovine skin gelatin extracted with plant enzymes bromelain and zingibain.

Tanbir Ahmad, Amin Ismail, Siti Aqlima Ahmad, Khalilah Abdul Khalil, Leo Teik Kee, Elmutaz Atta Awad, Awis Qurni Sazili

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of food science and technology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Proteolytic Activity ofFood science & nutrition · 2026
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  14. International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Tanbir AhmadDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.
Amin IsmailFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia.
Siti Aqlima AhmadFaculty of Biotechnology and Molecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia.
Khalilah Abdul KhalilDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia.
Leo Teik KeeDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.
Elmutaz Atta AwadLaboratory of Sustainable Animal Production and Biodiversity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia.
Awis Qurni SaziliDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-7362-0855
Universiti Putra Malaysia · MYUniversiti Teknologi MARA · MY

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bovine skin was incubated with plant enzymes bromelain (B) and zingibain (Z) at the level of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 unit/g of skin and gelatin was extracted at 60 °C for 6 h. Control gelatin was extracted without enzymatic pretreatment. The yield and gel strength were 17.90% and 283.35 g for the control samples and 22.26% and 160.88 g for B20 samples. The zingibain extracted gelatin (GEZ) samples failed to form gel. Viscosities of GEZ gelatins were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than the gelatins extracted using bromelain (GEB). β and α chains were absolutely degraded in all GEB and GEZ samples. Only smear bands were observed in GEZ gelatins whereas GEB samples revealed presence of low molecular weight polypeptides. Loss of molecular order was noticed in Z5 as elaborated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Larger particle size, denser and inter-connected irregular network was observed in B20 under scanning electron microscopy. Based on the results obtained, bromelain, particularly at level 20, could be used to obtain a better quality gelatin with higher yield compared to zingibain.

Indexed as

Bovine skinBromelainGelatinGelatin extractionZingibain

Identifiers

PMID32903957
PMCPMC7447718
OpenAlexW3017156645

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.