ArticleFrontiers in public health2020
Modeling the Onset of Symptoms of COVID-19.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Bone Mineral Density, Bone Biomarkers, and Joints in Acute, Post, and Long COVID-19: A Systematic Review.Viruses · 2024Pooled it
- Trends in symptom prevalence and sequential onset of SARS-CoV-2 infection from 2020 to 2022 in East and Southeast Asia: a trajectory pattern exploration based on summary data.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2024Pooled it
- The prevalence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in covid-19 - A systematic review.Auris, nasus, larynx · 2022Pooled it
- Corticosteroids showed more efficacy in treating hospitalized patients with COVID-19 than standard care but the effect is minimal: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- COVID-19 and Skin Manifestations: An Overview of Case Reports/Case Series and Meta-Analysis of Prevalence Studies.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Inflammatory but not respiratory symptoms are associated with ongoing upper airway viral shedding in outpatients with uncomplicated COVID-19.Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease · 2022Trial
- High association of COVID-19 severity with poor gut health score in Lebanese patients.PloS one · 2021Trial
- Cellular Metabolic Signatures of Long COVID-19.Infectious disease reports · 2026Article
- Association of the Dedicator of Cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2) Gene Polymorphisms with COVID-19 and Plasma LDH, AST, ALT, and Ferritin Levels.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Nonlinear compartmental modeling of COVID-19 with dual dose vaccination using Mason graphs and variational iteration method.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Surveillance of Twitter Data on COVID-19 Symptoms During the Omicron Variant Period: A Sentiment Analysis.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Article
- Association of HLA-B gene polymorphism and blood groups with COVID-19 susceptibility and severity.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Long COVID-19: A Concept Analysis.Infectious disease reports · 2025Article
- A descriptive study on feasibility of nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab collection from pediatric research participants in Cebu, Philippines.Frontiers in public health · 2025Observational
- Lithium in the time of COVID: forever vigilant.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2024Article
- Factors Associated With Surveillance Testing in Individuals With COVID-19 Symptoms During the Last Leg of the Pandemic: Multivariable Regression Analysis.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- The predictive role of symptoms in COVID-19 diagnostic models: A longitudinal insight.Epidemiology and infection · 2024Article
- Determination of the Relationship between Globus-Type Complaints and COVID-19 Anxiety in Adult Cases with COVID-19.Folia phoniatrica et logopaedica : official organ of the International Association of Logopedics and Phoniatrics (IALP) · 2024Article
- Review
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
COVID-19 is a pandemic viral disease with catastrophic global impact. This disease is more contagious than influenza such that cluster outbreaks occur frequently. If patients with symptoms quickly underwent testing and contact tracing, these outbreaks could be contained. Unfortunately, COVID-19 patients have symptoms similar to other common illnesses. Here, we hypothesize the order of symptom occurrence could help patients and medical professionals more quickly distinguish COVID-19 from other respiratory diseases, yet such essential information is largely unavailable. To this end, we apply a Markov Process to a graded partially ordered set based on clinical observations of COVID-19 cases to ascertain the most likely order of discernible symptoms (i.e., fever, cough, nausea/vomiting, and diarrhea) in COVID-19 patients. We then compared the progression of these symptoms in COVID-19 to other respiratory diseases, such as influenza, SARS, and MERS, to observe if the diseases present differently. Our model predicts that influenza initiates with cough, whereas COVID-19 like other coronavirus-related diseases initiates with fever. However, COVID-19 differs from SARS and MERS in the order of gastrointestinal symptoms. Our results support the notion that fever should be used to screen for entry into facilities as regions begin to reopen after the outbreak of Spring 2020. Additionally, our findings suggest that good clinical practice should involve recording the order of symptom occurrence in COVID-19 and other diseases. If such a systemic clinical practice had been standard since ancient diseases, perhaps the transition from local outbreak to pandemic could have been avoided.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.