ReviewCardiovascular drugs and therapy2020
Inflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines as Therapeutic Targets in Heart Failure.
Review in Cardiovascular drugs and therapy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 264 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
264 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 394 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of Salvia miltiorrhiza and ligustrazine injection for heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Interleukin-receptor antagonist and tumour necrosis factor inhibitors for the primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of Shen Gui capsules for chronic heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Hemoadsorption in Heart Failure Requiring Mechanical Circulatory Support-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Treatment with a selective androgen receptor modulator (RAD140) is linked to better cardiac function, with male-specific effects that are graded by interleukin-6.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Clonal Hematopoiesis and Inflammatory Pathways in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.Current heart failure reports · 2026Review
- Comparison of Novel Systemic Inflammatory Indices for Identification of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Hypertensive Patients: A Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study in China.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Article
- Noninvasive biophysical modulations of Piezo ion channels.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Review
- Identification of EGR2 and TGFB1 as Potential Immunoregulatory Biomarkers for Allergic Rhinitis: An Exploratory Bioinformatics and Pilot Validation Study.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Article
- HFpEF and MASLD: converging mechanisms and clinical implications.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2026Review
- Pulsatility as a Potential Regulator of Cardiovascular Biology: Molecular, Cellular, and Hemodynamic Remodeling During Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device Support and Following Heart Transplantation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The CALLY Index as an integrated inflammation-nutrition biomarker for risk stratification in HFpEF.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- STIM1-dependent treg dysfunction promotes cardiometabolic HFpEF: insights from patients and animal studies.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Prognostic significance of serum laminin and the Zhejiang University index in patients with acute heart failure.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Observational
- Multi-Target Cardioprotective Potential of Garcinia indica Choisy in Olanzapine-Induced Cardiometabolic Dysregulation: Evidence From Computational and Experimental Insights in H9c2(2-1) Cells.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- A novel mouse model of adenine-supplemented high-fat diet induced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- The Impact of Risk Factors and Comorbidities on Heart Failure in the Aging Population.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Cellular Senescence and the SASP in HFpEF: Pathogenic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targeting.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Cardiac Modulation byCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Molecular Mechanisms and Multi-Omics Integration in Heart Failure: From Pathophysiology to Precision Medicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
204 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Heart failure exhibits remarkable pathophysiologic heterogeneity. A large body of evidence suggests that regardless of the underlying etiology, heart failure is associated with induction of cytokines and chemokines that may contribute to the pathogenesis of adverse remodeling, and systolic and diastolic dysfunction. The pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-6 have been extensively implicated in the pathogenesis of heart failure. Inflammatory cytokines modulate phenotype and function of all myocardial cells, suppressing contractile function in cardiomyocytes, inducing inflammatory activation in macrophages, stimulating microvascular inflammation and dysfunction, and promoting a matrix-degrading phenotype in fibroblasts. Moreover, cytokine-induced growth factor synthesis may exert chronic fibrogenic actions contributing to the pathogenesis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). In addition to their role in adverse cardiac remodeling, some inflammatory cytokines may also exert protective actions on cardiomyocytes under conditions of stress. Chemokines, such as CCL2, are also upregulated in failing hearts and may stimulate recruitment of pro-inflammatory leukocytes, promoting myocardial injury, fibrotic remodeling, and dysfunction. Although experimental evidence suggests that cytokine and chemokine targeting may hold therapeutic promise in heart failure, clinical translation remains challenging. This review manuscript summarizes our knowledge on the role of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and CCL2 in the pathogenesis of heart failure, and discusses the promises and challenges of targeted anti-cytokine therapy. Dissection of protective and maladaptive cellular actions of cytokines in the failing heart, and identification of patient subsets with overactive or dysregulated myocardial inflammatory responses are required for design of successful therapeutic approaches.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.