ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020
Synaptic secretion from human natural killer cells is diverse and includes supramolecular attack particles.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunopathology of and potential therapeutics for secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis/macrophage activation syndrome: a translational perspective.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Natural Killer Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Preparations Demonstrate Potent Antitumor Activity Against Human Glioblastoma In Vitro and In Vivo.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory role and therapeutic potential of thrombospondin-1 during infectious diseases and autoimmunity.BMC biology · 2026Review
- How crosstalk at the immune synapse shapes T cell and dendritic cell biology.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Lytic IFNγ is stored in cytotoxic granules and coreleased with granzyme B to mediate cytotoxic T lymphocyte killing.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Article
- MINFLUX nanoscopy to study the NK cell immune synapse.Methods in cell biology · 2026Article
- Ex vivo single-cell profiling of acute myocardial infarction patients reveals disproportionate CD66bBioengineering & translational medicine · 2025Article
- Disrupting membranes, controlling cell fate: the role of pore-forming proteins in cell death and therapy.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2025Review
- Cancer cells suppress NK cell activity by actin-driven polarization of inhibitory ligands to the immunological synapse.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Immunological synapse: structures, molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications in disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Exomeres and supermeres: Current advances and perspectives.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- Activation-induced thrombospondin-4 works with thrombospondin-1 to build cytotoxic supramolecular attack particles.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Immunotherapeutic effects of TCL-E5 and TCL-E5-pulsed DCs: two novel HPV therapeutic vaccine candidates.Immunotherapy · 2025Article
- Natural Killer cells at the frontline in the fight against cancer.Cell death & disease · 2024Review
- Emerging functions of thrombospondin-1 in immunity.Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2024Review
- Successful expansion and cryopreservation of human natural killer cell line NK-92 for clinical manufacturing.PloS one · 2024Article
- Modulation of lytic molecules restrain serial killing in γδ T lymphocytes.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Why do humans need thrombospondin-1?Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2023Review
- Immunotherapeutic Approaches for the Treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme: Mechanism and Clinical Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Solubilized curcuminoid complex prevents extensive immunosuppression through immune restoration and antioxidant activity: Therapeutic potential against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19).International immunopharmacology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells form immune synapses to ascertain the state of health of cells they encounter. If a target cell triggers NK cell cytotoxicity, lytic granules containing proteins including perforin and granzyme B, are secreted into the synaptic cleft inducing target cell death. Secretion of these proteins also occurs from activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) where they have recently been reported to complex with thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) in specialized structures termed supramolecular attack particles (SMAPs). Here, using an imaging method to define the position of each NK cell after removal, secretions from individual cells were assessed. NK cell synaptic secretion, triggered by ligation of NKp30 or NKG2D, included vesicles and SMAPs which contained TSP-1, perforin, and granzyme B. Individual NK cells secreted SMAPs, CD63+ vesicles, or both. A similar number of SMAPs were secreted per cell for both NK cells and CTLs, but NK cell SMAPs were larger. These data establish an unexpected diversity in NK cell synaptic secretions.
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