ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020
Short Vi-polysaccharide abrogates T-independent immune response and hyporesponsiveness elicited by long Vi-CRM
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and validation of immunological assays for preclinical evaluation of a novel bivalent typhoid conjugate vaccine.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Multivalent vaccines for invasiveInfection and immunity · 2026Review
- Preclinical evaluation of a bivalent conjugate vaccine againstFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Non-typhoidal Salmonella combination vaccines: clinical development plan and regulatory considerations.Vaccine · 2025Review
- TheVaccines · 2025Article
- Design of a Glycoconjugate Vaccine AgainstVaccines · 2024Article
- Adjuvanted Modified Bacterial Antigens for Single-Dose Vaccines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- A TLR4 ligand-based adjuvant for promoting the immunogenicity of typhoid subunit vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Qualification of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantification of anti-Vi IgG in human sera.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Progress towards a glycoconjugate vaccine against Group A Streptococcus.NPJ vaccines · 2023Review
- The effect of O-antigen length determinant wzz on the immunogenicity of Salmonella Typhimurium for Escherichia coli O2 O-polysaccharides delivery.Veterinary research · 2023Article
- Vi polysaccharide and conjugated vaccines afford similar early, IgM or IgG-independent control of infection but boosting with conjugated Vi vaccines sustains the efficacy of immune responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- The role of antigen availability during B cell induction and its effect on sustained memory and antibody production after infection and vaccination-lessons learned from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2022Article
- A strategic model for developing vaccines against neglected diseases: An example of industry collaboration for sustainable development.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Review
- Impact and Control of Sugar Size in Glycoconjugate Vaccines.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Virus-like Particle Display ofACS infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Article
- Rotavirus spike protein ΔVP8* as a novel carrier protein for conjugate vaccine platform with demonstrated antigenic potential for use as bivalent vaccine.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Increasing the High Throughput of a Luminescence-Based Serum Bactericidal Assay (L-SBA).Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2021Article
- Glycoconjugate vaccines againstBiophysical reviews · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Polysaccharide-protein conjugates have been developed to overcome the T-independent response, hyporesponsiveness to repeated vaccination, and poor immunogenicity in infants of polysaccharides. To address the impact of polysaccharide length, typhoid conjugates made with short- and long-chain fractions of Vi polysaccharide with average sizes of 9.5, 22.8, 42.7, 82.0, and 165 kDa were compared. Long-chain-conjugated Vi (165 kDa) induced a response in both wild-type and T cell-deficient mice, suggesting that it maintains a T-independent response. In marked contrast, short-chain Vi (9.5 to 42.7 kDa) conjugates induced a response in wild-type mice but not in T cell-deficient mice, suggesting that the response is dependent on T cell help. Mechanistically, this was explained in neonatal mice, in which long-chain, but not short-chain, Vi conjugate induced late apoptosis of Vi-specific B cells in spleen and early depletion of Vi-specific B cells in bone marrow, resulting in hyporesponsiveness and lack of long-term persistence of Vi-specific IgG in serum and IgG
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.