ArticleViruses2020
Sequence Analysis of Egyptian Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Field and Vaccine Strains: Intertypic Recombination and Evidence for Accidental Release of Virulent Virus.
Article in Viruses, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Retrospective study of tongue gangrene in Egyptian buffaloes and its surgical management.Irish veterinary journal · 2026Article
- Phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of VP1 coding sequences of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes A, O, and SAT2 in Egypt.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Recombinants Are the Key Drivers of Recent PRRSV-2 Evolution.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Foot-and-mouth disease: genomic and proteomic structure, antigenic sites, serotype relationships, immune evasion, recent vaccine development strategies, and future perspectives.Veterinary research · 2025Review
- Advances in bioinformatics and multi-omics integration: transforming viral infectious disease research in veterinary medicine.Virology journal · 2025Review
- MolEpidPred: a novel computational tool for the molecular epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease virus using VP1 nucleotide sequence data.Briefings in functional genomics · 2025Article
- Genetic characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus in cattle in Northern Egypt.Veterinary world · 2025Article
- Recent Advancements in Pathogenic Mechanisms, Applications and Strategies for Entomopathogenic Fungi in Mosquito Biocontrol.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Isolation, molecular characterization, and genetic diversity of recently isolated foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A in Egypt.PloS one · 2023Article
- Analysis of Recombinant Characteristics Based on 949 PRRSV-2 Genomic Sequences Obtained from 1991 to 2021 Shows That Viral Multiplication Ability Contributes to Dominant Recombination.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Molecular detection, phylogenetic analysis and genetic diversity of recently isolated foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A African topotype, Genotype IV.Virology journal · 2022Article
- Recombination in Positive-Strand RNA Viruses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Field Observations and Genetic Characterization of Sheep-Associated Malignant Catarrhal Fever in Egypt, 2018.Veterinary sciences · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In spite of annual mass vaccination programs with polyvalent inactivated vaccines, the incidence and economic impact of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Egypt is high. Viruses of the A, O and SAT 2 serotypes are endemic and repeated incursions of new lineages from other countries lead to an unstable situation that makes the selection of appropriate vaccine antigens very difficult. In this study, whole genome sequencing of a 2016 serotype A isolate from Egypt revealed a recombination event with an African serotype O virus. Based on available vaccine matching data, none of the vaccines currently used in Egypt are expected to sufficiently protect against this virus or other viruses of this lineage (A/AFRICA/G-IV) circulating there since 2012. In addition to the risk of vaccine failure caused by strain mismatch, the production of inactivated FMD vaccines is dangerous if adequate biosafety cannot be maintained. Using a high-throughput sequencing protocol optimized for short nucleic acid fragments, the composition of a local inactivated vaccine was analyzed in depth. The serotype O strain identified in the vaccine was genetically identical to viruses found in recent FMD outbreaks in Egypt.
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