ArticleViruses2020
Isolation and Cultivation of a New Isolate of BTV-25 and Presumptive Evidence for a Potential Persistent Infection in Healthy Goats.
Article in Viruses, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bluetongue virus: current perspectives on characterisation and the need to formalise nomenclature in an era of rapidly evolving technology.The Journal of general virology · 2026Review
- Isolation and Identification of Emerging Equine Encephalosis Virus Serotype 6 in Israel, 2023.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The changing landscape of bluetongue in northern Europe.Journal of medical entomology · 2026Review
- No Evidence of Direct Transmission of Emerging Bluetongue Virus Strains Between Israel and Europe Based on Genomic Analyses (2013-2023).Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Bluetongue in ruminants: Global epidemiology, pathogenesis, and advances in diagnostic and control strategies within a One Health framework.Veterinary world · 2025Review
- The Molecular Epidemiology of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Viruses Identified in Israel between 2015 and 2023.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Estimation of the economic impact of a bluetongue serotype 4 outbreak in Tunisia.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Comparative Molecular and Epidemiological Analyses of Israeli Bluetongue Viruses Serotype 1 and 9 Causing Outbreaks in 2018-2020.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Retrospective Phylodynamic and Phylogeographic Analysis of the Bluetongue Virus in Tunisia.Evolutionary bioinformatics online · 2023Article
- The Experimental Infection of Goats with Small Ruminant Morbillivirus Originated from Barbary Sheep.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Bluetongue Virus Infection of Goats: Re-Emerged European Serotype 8 vs. Two Atypical Serotypes.Viruses · 2022Article
- A Qualitative Risk Assessment for Bluetongue Disease and African Horse Sickness: The Risk of Entry and Exposure at a UK Zoo.Viruses · 2022Article
- Comparative Virus-Host Protein Interactions of the Bluetongue Virus NS4 Virulence Factor.Viruses · 2022Article
- Vaccination as a Strategy to Prevent Bluetongue Virus Vertical Transmission.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Review
- Transboundary Animal Diseases, an Overview of 17 Diseases with Potential for Global Spread and Serious Consequences.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Review
- Putative Novel Atypical BTV Serotype '36' Identified in Small Ruminants in Switzerland.Viruses · 2021Article
- Putative Novel Serotypes '33' and '35' in Clinically Healthy Small Ruminants in Mongolia Expand the Group of Atypical BTV.Viruses · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recently, several so-called "atypical" Bluetongue virus (BTV) serotypes were discovered, including BTV-25 (Toggenburg virus), in Switzerland. Most "atypical" BTV were identified in small ruminants without clinical signs. In 2018, two goats from a holding in Germany tested positive for BTV-25 genome by RT-qPCR prior to export. After experimental inoculation of the two goats with the BTV-25 positive field blood samples for generation of reference materials, viremia could be observed in one animal. For the first time, the BTV-25-related virus was isolated in cell culture from EDTA-blood and the full genome of isolate "BTV-25-GER2018" could be generated. BTV-25-GER2018 was only incompletely neutralized by ELISA-positive sera. We could monitor the BTV-25 occurrence in the respective affected goat flock of approximately 120 goats over several years. EDTA blood samples were screened with RT-qPCR using a newly developed BTV-25 specific assay. For serological surveillance, serum samples were screened using a commercial cELISA. BTV-25-GER2018 was detected over 4.5 years in the goat flock with intermittent PCR-positivity in some animals, and with or without concomitantly detected antibodies since 2015. We could demonstrate the viral persistence of BTV-25-GER2018 in goats for up to 4.5 years, and the first BTV-25 isolate is now available for further characterization.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.