ReviewBrain sciences2020
Sex and Gender Differences in the Effects of Novel Psychoactive Substances.
Review in Brain sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sex-dependent effects of psychedelics: review of evidence from rodent models.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Sex-related pharmacokinetic and pharmacological responses to 4F-furanylfentanyl.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- A history of addiction through the six editions of Kandel'sFrontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Review
- GPR4 regulates temporally dynamic and sex-dependent cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Article
- 3-CMC: Acute Effects in Male and Female Mice, Human Intoxication Case Series (Italy, 2014-2025), and Prediction of ADMET Properties.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- IL-6 Expression and the Confidence Interval-Based Estimation of Relevance (CIBER) Help Identify Persistent Inflammation and Cognitive Parameters of Executive Dysfunction in the Withdrawal Phase of Male Polydrug Abusers.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Sex/gender differences in spontaneous reports to a French Addictovigilance centre.Archives of women's mental health · 2025Article
- Biological sex modulates the efficacy of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) to mitigate fentanyl demand.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2024Article
- Sex-Specific ADNP/NAP (Davunetide) Regulation of Cocaine-Induced Plasticity.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2024Article
- Tackling new psychoactive substances through metabolomics: UHPLC-HRMS study on natural and synthetic opioids in male and female murine models.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Pharmaco-toxicological effects of the novel tryptamine hallucinogen 5-MeO-MiPT on motor, sensorimotor, physiological, and cardiorespiratory parameters in mice-from a human poisoning case to the preclinical evidence.Psychopharmacology · 2024Article
- The rising use of cognitive enhancement drugs and predictors of use during COVID-19: findings from a cross-sectional survey of students and university staff in the UK.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Mechanisms and molecular targets surrounding the potential therapeutic effects of psychedelics.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Review
- Cyanidin prevents MDPV withdrawal-induced anxiety-like effects and dysregulation of cytokine systems in rats.Brain research · 2023Article
- Use of Alcohol, Cannabinoids, Psychostimulants, and Sedatives before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Students in 40 European Countries.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Differences across sexes on head-twitch behavior and 5-HTNeuroscience letters · 2022Article
- Effects of the Phenethylamine 2-Cl-4,5-MDMA and the Synthetic Cathinone 3,4-MDPHP in Adolescent Rats: Focus on Sex Differences.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- In Vivo Bio-Activation of JWH-175 to JWH-018: Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Studies in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Risk of Falls Associated with Long-Acting Benzodiazepines or Tricyclic Antidepressants Use in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Nationwide Population-Based Case-Crossover Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Differences in Inhibitory Control and Resting Brain Metabolism between Older Chronic Users of Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or Cannabidiol (CBD)-A Pilot Study.Brain sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Sex and gender deeply affect the subjective effects and pharmaco-toxicological responses to drugs. Men are more likely than women to use almost all types of illicit drugs and to present to emergency departments for serious or fatal intoxications. However, women are just as likely as men to develop substance use disorders, and may be more susceptible to craving and relapse. Clinical and preclinical studies have shown important differences between males and females after administration of "classic" drugs of abuse (e.g., Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), morphine, cocaine). This scenario has become enormously complicated in the last decade with the overbearing appearance of the new psychoactive substances (NPS) that have emerged as alternatives to regulated drugs. To date, more than 900 NPS have been identified, and can be catalogued in different pharmacological categories including synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic stimulants (cathinones and amphetamine-like), hallucinogenic phenethylamines, synthetic opioids (fentanyls and non-fentanyls), new benzodiazepines and dissociative anesthetics (i.e., methoxetamine and phencyclidine-derivatives). This work collects the little knowledge reached so far on the effects of NPS in male and female animal and human subjects, highlighting how much sex and gender differences in the effects of NPS has yet to be studied and understood.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.