ArticleBlood2021
A prospective, blinded study of a PF4-dependent assay for HIT diagnosis.
Article in Blood, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Challenge of Detecting Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) in a Developing Country: A Systematic Review.Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry · 2025Pooled it
- Pathogenic PF4/Polyanion ELISA-Negative Antibodies in HIT.American journal of hematology · 2026Article
- Non-PF4/heparin-binding, platelet-activating antibodies in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.Blood · 2026Article
- Anti-Platelet Factor 4 Antibody Clonal Heterogeneity and MGUS Status in HIT.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Translational immunothrombosis in autoimmune Heparin-Induced thrombocytopenia: targeting the FcγRIIa-Syk-BTK and complement pathways.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Pathogenic PF4/Polyvinylsulfonate ELISA-negative Antibodies in HIT.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- M protein and the evolving spectrum of platelet-activating anti-PF4 disorders and MGTS and their linkage.Blood vessels, thrombosis & hemostasis · 2025Article
- Monoclonal Anti-Platelet Factor 4 Antibodies in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.The New England journal of medicine · 2025Article
- Complement activation as a biomarker for platelet-activating antibodies in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2025Article
- Prothrombotic antibodies targeting the spike protein's receptor-binding domain in severe COVID-19.Blood · 2025Article
- Imaging flow cytometry as a novel approach for the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.British journal of haematology · 2025Article
- Practical guide to the diagnosis and management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program · 2024Review
- Low Incidence of Anti-PF4/Heparin Antibodies in Patients with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia.Mediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Where have all the platelets gone? HIT, DIC, or something else?Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program · 2023Review
- Recrudescent Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia After Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in a Patient Undergoing Thoracic Aortic Replacement.Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia · 2023Article
- "Autoimmune HIT" antibodies in diagnostic samples are a potential artifact and not associated with more severe outcomes.Blood advances · 2023Article
- Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: An illustrated review.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2023Article
- Article
- Cardiac surgery in acute heparin-induced thrombocytopenia managed with therapeutic plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2023Article
- Vaccine associated benign headache and cutaneous hemorrhage after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine: A cohort study.Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a life-threatening, prothrombotic, antibody-mediated disorder. To maximize the likelihood of recovery, early and accurate diagnosis is critical. Widely available HIT assays, such as the platelet factor 4 (PF4) heparin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) lack specificity, and the gold-standard carbon 14-labeled serotonin release assay (SRA) is of limited value for early patient management because it is available only through reference laboratories. Recent studies have demonstrated that pathogenic HIT antibodies selectively activate PF4-treated platelets and that a technically simpler assay, the PF4-dependent P-selectin expression assay (PEA), may provide an option for rapid and conclusive results. Based upon predefined criteria that combined 4Ts scores and HIT ELISA results, 409 consecutive adults suspected of having HIT were classified as disease positive, negative, or indeterminate. Patients deemed HIT indeterminate were considered disease negative in the primary analysis and disease positive in a sensitivity analysis. The ability of PEA and SRA to identify patients judged to have HIT was compared using receiver operating characteristic curve statistics. Using these predefined criteria, the diagnostic accuracy of PEA was high (area under the curve [AUC], 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87-1.0) and similar to that of SRA (AUC, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.82-1.0). In sensitivity analysis, the AUCs of PEA and SRA were also similar at 0.88 (95% CI, 0.78-0.98) and 0.86 (95% CI, 0.77-0.96), respectively. The PEA, a technically simple nonradioactive assay that uses ∼20-fold fewer platelets compared with the SRA, had high accuracy for diagnosing HIT. Widespread use of the PEA may facilitate timely and more effective management of patients with suspected HIT.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.