ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2021
Myxosporea (Myxozoa, Cnidaria) Lack DNA Cytosine Methylation.
Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- The shortest animal introns: insights from parasitic cnidarians.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Hydra at the Crossroads of Evolution: Insights into Cell-type Diversification, Regeneration, and Epigenetic Regulation.Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2026Review
- Repressive Cytosine Methylation is a Marker of Viral Gene Transfer Across Divergent Eukaryotes.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Myxozoan parasite genomes assembled from contaminated host data reveal extensive gene order conservation and rapid sequence evolution.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Article
- Long-read metagenomic sequencing negates inferred loss of cytosine methylation in Myxosporea (Cnidaria: Myxozoa).GigaScience · 2025Article
- New freshwater Ceratomyxa species, Ceratomyxa affinis n. sp. (Myxozoa: Ceratomyxidae) in the gallbladder of Leporinus affinis from Brazilian Amazon.Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria · 2025Article
- A Gallbladder Ceratomyxidae (Myxozoa: Bivalvulida) Parasite Described In Pimelodella cristata (Müller & Troschel, 1848) From the Eastern Amazon.Acta parasitologica · 2024Article
- Article
- A new myxozoan parasitizing Mesonauta festivus (Cichliformes: Cichlidae) from the lake region in the municipality of Tartarugalzinho, Eastern Amazon, Brazil.Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria · 2024Article
- Ceratomyxa matosi n. sp. (Myxozoa: Ceratomyxidae) parasitizing the gallbladder of Boulengerella cuvieri (Characiformes: Ctenoluciidae) State of Amapá, Brazilian Amazon.Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria · 2024Article
- A new Ceratomyxa (Cnidaria: Myxosporea) infecting the ornamental fish species Pterophyllum scalare from the Amazon Region, Brazil.Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria · 2024Article
- Coevolution of the CDCA7-HELLS ICF-related nucleosome remodeling complex and DNA methyltransferases.eLife · 2023Article
- Coevolution of the CDCA7-HELLS ICF-related nucleosome remodeling complex and DNA methyltransferases.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- A myxozoan genome reveals mosaic evolution in a parasitic cnidarian.BMC biology · 2022Article
- A Broad Survey of Gene Body and Repeat Methylation in Cnidaria Reveals a Complex Evolutionary History.Genome biology and evolution · 2022Article
- The Role of DNA Methylation in Genome Defense in Cnidaria and Other Invertebrates.Molecular biology and evolution · 2022Article
- Neural versus alternative integrative systems: molecular insights into origins of neurotransmitters.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Review
- Epigenetic Regulation inFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
DNA cytosine methylation is central to many biological processes, including regulation of gene expression, cellular differentiation, and development. This DNA modification is conserved across animals, having been found in representatives of sponges, ctenophores, cnidarians, and bilaterians, and with very few known instances of secondary loss in animals. Myxozoans are a group of microscopic, obligate endoparasitic cnidarians that have lost many genes over the course of their evolution from free-living ancestors. Here, we investigated the evolution of the key enzymes involved in DNA cytosine methylation in 29 cnidarians and found that these enzymes were lost in an ancestor of Myxosporea (the most speciose class of Myxozoa). Additionally, using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, we confirmed that the genomes of two distant species of myxosporeans, Ceratonova shasta and Henneguya salminicola, completely lack DNA cytosine methylation. Our results add a notable and novel taxonomic group, the Myxosporea, to the very short list of animal taxa lacking DNA cytosine methylation, further illuminating the complex evolutionary history of this epigenetic regulatory mechanism.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.