ReviewEnvironmental toxicology and chemistry2021
Assessing the Ecological Risks of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Current State-of-the Science and a Proposed Path Forward.
Review in Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Meta-Analysis Comparing Nominal and Measured Concentrations of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Aquatic Toxicity Studies Across Various Experimental Conditions.Environmental toxicology and chemistry · 2023Pooled it
- Spatial-temporal patterns of perfluoroalkyl substances in the biota of the Laurentian Great Lakes: A meta-analysis.Journal of environmental qualityPooled it
- Half a Century of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Northern Gannet Eggs: Impact of Regulations.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2026Article
- Association between seafood consumption and serum polyfluoroalkyl substance concentrations among Korean adolescents: the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) cycle 5, 2021-2023.Annals of occupational and environmental medicine · 2026Article
- Nominal Concentration-Based Assessment of Structure-Dependent PFAS Responses in the Freshwater DiatomJournal of xenobiotics · 2026Article
- Molecular Dynamics Investigation of Oil Wetting on Synthetic Polymer Substrates.Macromolecules · 2026Article
- Assessing Fluoroacetate Defluorination Potential across Diverse Enzymes Using Quantum Chemistry.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2026Article
- Adsorption of Forever Chemical Pollutants: The Physical Chemistry of PFAS Near Surfaces.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- PFAS Mixture Composition and Internal Exposure Profiles Shape Biological Responses under Field-Realistic Exposure.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS): persistence, toxicity, and emerging solutions.Bioprocess and biosystems engineering · 2026Review
- An Ecosystem-Scale Model of PFAS Dynamics in Stream-to-Riparian Food Webs.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Tracking Contaminant Trends: PFAS, Metals and Metalloids in Indo-Pacific Bottlenose (Tursiops aduncus) and Common Dolphins (Delphinus delphis) from South Australia.Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology · 2026Article
- Beyond persistence: SERS-driven strategies for PFAS detection and monitoring.Nano convergence · 2026Review
- An overview of the impact of PFAS on animals, humans, and the environment using a One Health approach.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2026Review
- Article
- Non-stick performance of polymethylsilsesquioxane thin films synthesized by sol-gel spray coating.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Microbial and molecular approaches for PFAS transformation in soils: prospects and limitations.RSC advances · 2026Review
- Convergent GenX biodegradation by genomically designed and functionally screened synthetic bacterial consortia.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Associations Between Seafood Consumption and Serum PFAS Levels Among Asian/Pacific Islanders in the San Francisco Bay Area, California.Exposure and health · 2026Article
- Evaluation and comparison of tools used to quantify aggregate PFAS exposure: Extractable organic fluorine, PFAS burden scores and summed PFAS concentrations.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) encompass a large, heterogenous group of chemicals of potential concern to human health and the environment. Based on information for a few relatively well-understood PFAS such as perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoate, there is ample basis to suspect that at least a subset can be considered persistent, bioaccumulative, and/or toxic. However, data suitable for determining risks in either prospective or retrospective assessments are lacking for the majority of PFAS. In August 2019, the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry sponsored a workshop that focused on the state-of-the-science supporting risk assessment of PFAS. The present review summarizes discussions concerning the ecotoxicology and ecological risks of PFAS. First, we summarize currently available information relevant to problem formulation/prioritization, exposure, and hazard/effects of PFAS in the context of regulatory and ecological risk assessment activities from around the world. We then describe critical gaps and uncertainties relative to ecological risk assessments for PFAS and propose approaches to address these needs. Recommendations include the development of more comprehensive monitoring programs to support exposure assessment, an emphasis on research to support the formulation of predictive models for bioaccumulation, and the development of in silico, in vitro, and in vivo methods to efficiently assess biological effects for potentially sensitive species/endpoints. Addressing needs associated with assessing the ecological risk of PFAS will require cross-disciplinary approaches that employ both conventional and new methods in an integrated, resource-effective manner. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:564-605. © 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.