ReviewNature reviews. Cardiology2021
Epidemiology of the inherited cardiomyopathies.
Review in Nature reviews. Cardiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 143 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
143 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 247 citations in OpenAlex.
- A multiancestry polygenic risk score improves stratification in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.Nature cardiovascular research · 2026Pooled it
- Diagnosis and management of dilated cardiomyopathy: a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines and recommendations.European heart journal. Quality of care & clinical outcomes · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of ARRY-371797 inCirculation. Genomic and precision medicine · 2023Trial
- EACTS Expert Consensus Document on Civil Aviation Following Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transcatheter Procedures.Interdisciplinary cardiovascular and thoracic surgery · 2026Review
- Therapeutic upregulation of gene expression in inherited cardiomyopathies from current approaches to future directions.Nature cardiovascular research · 2026Review
- Disulfidptosis: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Assessing Quality of Life in Genetic Cardiomyopathies: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Biobank-Scale Plasma Proteomics Identifies Novel Biomarkers in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.Circulation. Genomic and precision medicine · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2026Review
- Right Ventricular Function and Mortality in Critically Ill Patients With Heart Failure and Cardiogenic Shock.International journal of heart failure · 2026Article
- An Atypical "Hot-Phase" ARVC in a PKP2 Carrier.JACC. Case reports · 2026Article
- Past, Present and Future of Regenerative Gene Therapy for Ischemic Heart Failure.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2026Review
- β-Adrenergic Receptors: Not Always Outside-In.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Emerging Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies in Dilated Cardiomyopathy.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Efficacy and Safety of Direct-Acting Oral Anticoagulants in Atrial Fibrillation With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- DNA damage and repair in cardiomyopathy: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2026Review
- Leveraging the shared and opposing genetic mechanisms in the heritable cardiomyopathies.Research square · 2026Article
- Molecular Pathology of Cardiomyopathies: Bridging Morphology, Genomics, and Clinical Phenotypes.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Genetics in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: An Evolving Clinical Landscape.Cardiac failure review · 2026Review
- A pipeline for developing deep learning prognostic prediction models in cardiac magnetic resonance image analysis.European heart journal. Digital health · 2026Article
83 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the absence of contemporary, population-based epidemiological studies, estimates of the incidence and prevalence of the inherited cardiomyopathies have been derived from screening studies, most often of young adult populations, to assess cardiovascular risk or to detect the presence of disease in athletes or military recruits. The global estimates for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (1/500 individuals), dilated cardiomyopathy (1/250) and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (1/5,000) are probably conservative given that only individuals who fulfil diagnostic criteria would have been included. This caveat is highly relevant because a substantial minority or even a majority of individuals who carry disease-causing genetic variants and are at risk of disease complications have incomplete and/or late-onset disease expression. The genetic literature on cardiomyopathy, which is often focused on the identification of genetic variants, has been biased in favour of pedigrees with higher penetrance. In clinical practice, an abnormal electrocardiogram with normal or non-diagnostic imaging results is a common finding for the sarcomere variants that cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the titin and sarcomere variants that cause dilated cardiomyopathy and the desmosomal variants that cause either arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy or dilated cardiomyopathy. Therefore, defining the genetic epidemiology is also challenging given the overlapping phenotypes, incomplete and age-related expression, and highly variable penetrance even within individual families carrying the same genetic variant.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.