Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32895275›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2020

Prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of inmates diagnosed with infectious diseases living in a region with a high number of prisons in São Paulo state, Brazil.

Charlene Troiani do Nascimento, Danilo Zangirolami Pena, Rogério Giuffrida, Fernanda Nobre Bandeira Monteiro, Francisco Assis da Silva, Edilson Ferreira Flores, Luiz Euribel Prestes-Carneiro

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 30% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Charlene Troiani do NascimentoPostgraduate Department, Master in Health Sciences, Oeste Paulista University, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
Danilo Zangirolami PenaPostgraduate Department, Master in Health Sciences, Oeste Paulista University, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
Rogério GiuffridaPostgraduate Department, Master in Health Sciences, Oeste Paulista University, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
Fernanda Nobre Bandeira MonteiroPostgraduate Department, Master in Health Sciences, Oeste Paulista University, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
Francisco Assis da SilvaPostgraduate Department, Master in Health Sciences, Oeste Paulista University, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
Edilson Ferreira FloresStatistics Department, School of Sciences and Technology, São Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
Luiz Euribel Prestes-CarneiroPostgraduate Department, Master in Health Sciences, Oeste Paulista University, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil luiz@unoeste.br.ORCID 0000-0002-4577-1525
Universidade do Oeste Paulista · BRUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) · BR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo determine the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of inmates diagnosed with infectious diseases living in a region with a high number of prisons, São Paulo, Brazil.

designThis is a retrospective and descriptive study conducted from November 2017 to October 2018.

settingPrisons located in the western and northwestern regions of São Paulo, Brazil.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis on infectious diseases and coinfections (HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), syphilis and tuberculosis (TB)) of inmates from 28 prisons. Inmates were previously diagnosed following the protocol for control and surveillance of infectious diseases, through laboratory or imaging methods. A questionnaire was completed by the healthcare staff. Prevalence was obtained by dividing the number of individuals with positive results by the number of inmates in each prison. Locations of prisons were obtained and maps were constructed using geographic information systems.

resultsA total of 741 of 37 497 inmates (1.97%) were diagnosed with HIV, HBV, HCV, syphilis or TB. HIV was the most prevalent infectious disease (0.68%), followed by TB (0.66%), syphilis (0.2%), HCV (0.2%) and HBV (0.04%). For all of these diseases, prevalence rates varied from very low to high (3.11% and 2.45%) for TB and HIV, respectively, in the five prisons where they were most prevalent. HIV-syphilis was the most associated coinfection (OR, 63.7; 95% CI 41.4 to 96.7). Three of those diagnosed with the infection were female and the ratio of female to men was 0.004:1.

conclusionsOur findings demonstrate that the number of cases of infectious disease among inmates in the northwestern and western region of São Paulo is probably underestimated, with lower rates of HCV, HBV and syphilis. This represents a challenge to prisoners' health. Improvements in diagnosis, mainly to reduce viral hepatitis, are crucial with benefits for inmates and the general population.

Indexed as

Hepatitis BHepatitis CHIV InfectionsPrisonersBrazilFemaleHumansMalePrevalencePrisonsRetrospective StudiesRisk Factorsepidemiologygeneral medicine (see internal medicine)geographical mappingpublic health

Identifiers

PMID32895275
PMCPMC7476464
OpenAlexW3084421238

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.