ArticleCancer science2020
Epigenetic inactivation of IRX4 is responsible for acceleration of cell growth in human pancreatic cancer.
Article in Cancer science, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spatial Transcriptomics Meets Histochemistry: Insights from Glioblastoma as a Model System.Acta histochemica et cytochemica · 2026Review
- Multifaceted role of Iroquois signaling in development and diseases.Molecules and cells · 2025Review
- Expression Profile and Prognostic Values of IRX Family Members in Lung Adenocarcinoma.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Anti-colorectal cancer effects of IRX4 and sensitivity studies to oxaliplatin.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Unravelling the Role of Iroquois Homeobox 4 and its Interplay with Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer.Research square · 2023Article
- Diagnosing and monitoring pancreatic cancer through cell-free DNA methylation: progress and prospects.Biomarker research · 2023Review
- Review
- Epigenetic inactivation of IRX4 is responsible for acceleration of cell growth in human pancreatic cancer.Cancer science · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Epigenetic gene silencing by aberrant DNA methylation is one of the important mechanisms leading to loss of key cellular pathways in tumorigenesis. Methyl-CpG-targeted transcriptional activation (MeTA) reactivates hypermethylation-mediated silenced genes in a different way from DNA-demethylating agents. Microarray coupled with MeTA (MeTA-array) identified seven commonly hypermethylation-mediated silenced genes in 12 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell lines. Among these, we focused on IRX4 (Iroquois homeobox 4) because IRX4 is located at chromosome 5p15.33 where PDAC susceptibility loci have been identified through genome-wide association study. IRX4 was greatly downregulated in all of the analyzed 12 PDAC cell lines by promoter hypermethylation. In addition, the IRX4 promoter region was found to be frequently and specifically hypermethylated in primary resected PDACs (18/28: 64%). Reexpression of IRX4 inhibited colony formation and proliferation in two PDAC cell lines, PK-1 and PK-9. In contrast, knockdown of IRX4 accelerated cell proliferation in an IRX4-expressing normal pancreatic ductal epithelial cell line, HPDE-1. Because IRX4 is a sequence-specific transcription factor, downstream molecules of IRX4 were pursued by microarray analyses utilizing tetracycline-mediated IRX4 inducible PK-1 and PK-9 cells; CRYAB, CD69, and IL32 were identified as IRX4 downstream candidate genes. Forced expression of these genes suppressed colony formation abilities for both PK-1 and PK-9. These results suggest that DNA methylation-mediated silencing of IRX4 contributes to pancreatic tumorigenesis through aberrant transcriptional regulation of several cancer-related genes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.