ReviewCurrent opinion in pulmonary medicine2020
Endotypes and phenotypes in obstructive sleep apnea.
Review in Current opinion in pulmonary medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 143 citations in OpenAlex.
- Positive airway pressure therapy and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in people with obstructive sleep apnoea: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and confounder-adjusted, non-randomised controlled studies.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Are noradrenergics combined with antimuscarinics the future pharmacologic treatment for obstructive sleep apnea? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Pooled it
- The Hypoxic Burden, Clinical Implication of a New Biomarker in the Cardiovascular Management of Sleep Apnea Patients: A Systematic Review.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Association between Endotype of Prematurity and Mortality: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression.Neonatology · 2023Pooled it
- Diagnostic value of smartphone in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Tirzepatide on obstructive sleep apnea-related cardiometabolic risk: secondary outcomes of the SURMOUNT-OSA randomized trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- Heterogeneous Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Non-Sleepy Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes:Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2024Trial
- The Global Initiative for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (GIFOSA): Rationale, Strategic Framework, and Call to Action.Pulmonary therapy · 2026Review
- Precision Pharmacotherapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Matching Targeted Drugs to Patient Endophenotypes.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The COMT rs4680 SNP participates in the regulation of the arousal threshold in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Observational
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Translational Perspective on Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Sleep and obesity-known interactions and open questions.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2026Review
- Patients' Experiences of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Tirzepatide Treatment: An Exit Interview Study.The patient · 2026Article
- Distinguishing Age-specific Patterns in Comorbidities of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Using Real-World Data.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Association of obstructive sleep apnea with postoperative outcomes after breast reconstruction.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Analytical amplitude/phase markers for neurological sleep apnea events.Neurobiology of sleep and circadian rhythms · 2026Article
- Adherence to CPAP in Randomized Controlled Trials in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea-A Meta-Analysis and Investigation of Predictors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Asthma and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Overlap Syndrome Identifies a Phenotype of Sleep Instability and Increased Psychological Burden.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- "Phenotyping obstructive sleep apnea: a pathway to precision medicine".Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Review
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewThe purpose of this review is to describe the variability of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), both from a standpoint of underlying mechanisms and in terms of clinical manifestations. RECENT
findingsRecent data suggest that not all patients with sleep apnea get their disease for the same reason. As such, no one variable is effective at defining which patients do or do not have sleep apnea. Identifying the mechanism(s) underlying OSA for an individual is helpful as it can help to determine whether personalized therapy could be developed based on an individual's characteristics. In addition, these underlying mechanisms may be helpful in predicting response to therapy and prognosticating regarding future complications. SUMMARY: OSA is a heterogeneous disease with highly varying underlying mechanisms. OSA has variable clinical manifestations with definable subsets having risk of particular complications. Future studies will be helpful to identify mechanisms underlying OSA using clinically accessible tools and then using these data to focus individualized treatment approaches.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.