ArticleNature communications2020
An alpaca nanobody neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 by blocking receptor interaction.
Article in Nature communications, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 212 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
212 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 357 citations in OpenAlex.
- SARS-CoV-2-neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID-19.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Nanobodies, the potent agents to detect and treat the Coronavirus infections: A systematic review.Molecular and cellular probes · 2021Pooled it
- Article
- ACE2-fused nanobody targeting a cryptic RBD epitope broadly neutralizes SARS-like viruses.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Multimerization and Conjugation to Antiviral and Cytotoxic Payloads Enhance the Activity of Virus-Neutralizing Nanobodies In Vitro.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Rational Design and Characterization of a Mutated Nanobody for Specific Targeting of Heparan Sulfate.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Molecular Dynamics and Solvated Interaction Energy Prioritize Cannabidiol and Cannabinol as Variant-Spanning SARS-CoV-2 RBD-ACE2 Interface Blockers.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Construction of Synthetic Probiotic Bacteria for In Situ Delivery of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Nanobodies.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Engineered IgA-Fc fusion protein with bioactive nanobody neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 variants with mucosal delivery potential.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Mapping SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Function with Nanobodies.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Demonstration ofJournal of virology · 2026Article
- Protection against lethal canine distemper virus infection by a dual epitope-targeting synthetic antibody.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Anti-SARS-CoV-2 VHH and C7C peptide fused with Angiopep-2 efficiently traverse blood-brain barrier model and neutralizes virus.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Nanobodies in biomedicine: from molecular characteristics to fabrication and clinical translation.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- Review
- Engineered bacteria as an orally administered anti-viral treatment and immunization system.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Article
- Identification of a Highly Potent Neutralizing Nanobody Against Human Adenovirus Type 4.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Article
- Novel Type IIS-Based Library Assembly Technique for Developing Nanobodies Targeting IPNv VP2 Protein.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
152 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 enters host cells through an interaction between the spike glycoprotein and the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Directly preventing this interaction presents an attractive possibility for suppressing SARS-CoV-2 replication. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of an alpaca-derived single domain antibody fragment, Ty1, that specifically targets the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike, directly preventing ACE2 engagement. Ty1 binds the RBD with high affinity, occluding ACE2. A cryo-electron microscopy structure of the bound complex at 2.9 Å resolution reveals that Ty1 binds to an epitope on the RBD accessible in both the 'up' and 'down' conformations, sterically hindering RBD-ACE2 binding. While fusion to an Fc domain renders Ty1 extremely potent, Ty1 neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudovirus as a 12.8 kDa nanobody, which can be expressed in high quantities in bacteria, presenting opportunities for manufacturing at scale. Ty1 is therefore an excellent candidate as an intervention against COVID-19.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.