ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2021
Evaluating Differences in Opioid and Stimulant Use-associated Infectious Disease Hospitalizations in Florida, 2016-2017.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent hydromorphone injection and risk of incident infective endocarditis among people who inject drugs in Toronto, Canada: a cohort study.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Patient-Directed Discharge Among Hospitalized Persons With Opioid Use Disorder in the Fentanyl Era: A Scoping Review.American journal of medicine open · 2026Review
- Burden of Injection Drug Use-Related Infection Hospitalizations in Tennessee, 2016-2023.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Methadone Dose and Patient-Directed Discharge in Hospitalized Patients With Opioid Use Disorder.JAMA network open · 2026Observational
- Integrated infectious disease and substance use disorder treatment for severe injection-related infections: protocol for the randomized controlled HI-SIRI trial.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2026Article
- Infectious disease complications associated with opioid use disorder at a southern county hospital: a retrospective chart review.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Clinical Impact of an Expanded MOUD Access Initiative for Patients Hospitalized With Infections From Intravenous Opioid Use.American journal of medicine open · 2025Article
- Drug use and harm reduction practices of applicants to a public health vending machine service in Clark County, NV, 2021-2023.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Assessment of harm reduction receipt and infectious diseases outcomes in United States Veterans with opioid use disorder and history of injection drug use.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- Syringe services program staff and participant perspectives on changing drug consumption behaviors in response to xylazine adulteration.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- Protective or potentially harmful? Altering drug consumption behaviors in response to xylazine adulteration.Research square · 2024Article
- Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Incidence, STI Screening, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Preexposure Prophylaxis Uptake in United States Veterans With Opioid Use Disorder in Long Island, New York.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Medication for Opioid Use Disorder After Serious Injection-Related Infections in Massachusetts.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Factors associated with obtaining prescribed safer supply among people accessing harm reduction services: findings from a cross-sectional survey.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- Review
- Trends in cocaine and crystal methamphetamine injection over time in a Canadian setting between 2008 and 2018.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2023Article
- The Impact of Discharge Against Medical Advice on Readmission After Opioid Use Disorder-Associated Infective Endocarditis: a National Cohort Study.Journal of general internal medicine · 2023Article
- Methamphetamines and Serious Injection-Related Infections: Opioid Use Care Continuum and Opportunities to End Alabama's Drug Crisis.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Association of polysubstance use disorder with treatment quality among Medicaid beneficiaries with opioid use disorder.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2023Article
- Availability of medications for opioid use disorder in outpatient and inpatient pharmacies in South Florida: a secret shopper survey.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe opioid epidemic has led to increases in injection drug use (IDU)-associated infectious diseases; however, little is known about how more recent increases in stimulant use have affected the incidence and outcomes of hospitalizations for infections among people who inject drugs (PWID).
methodsAll hospitalizations of PWID for IDU-associated infections in Florida were identified using administrative diagnostic codes and were grouped by substance used (opioids, stimulants, or both) and site of infection. We evaluated the association between substance used and the outcomes: patient-directed discharge (PDD, or "against medical advice") and in-hospital mortality.
resultsThere were 22 856 hospitalizations for infections among PWID. Opioid use was present in 73%, any stimulants in 43%, and stimulants-only in 27%. Skin and soft tissue infection was present in 50%, sepsis/bacteremia in 52%, osteomyelitis in 10%, and endocarditis in 10%. PWID using opioids/stimulants were youngest, most uninsured, and had the highest rates of endocarditis (16%) and hepatitis C (44%). Additionally, 25% of patients with opioid/stimulant use had PDD versus 12% for those using opioids-only. In adjusted models, opioid/stimulant use was associated with PDD compared to opioid-only use (aRR 1.28, 95% CI 1.17-1.40). Younger age and endocarditis were also associated with PDD. Compared to opioid-only use, stimulant-only use had higher risk of in-hospital mortality (aRR 1.26, 95% CI 1.03-1.46).
conclusionsWhile opioid use contributed to most IDU-associated infections, many hospitalizations also involved stimulants. Increasing access to harm reduction interventions could help prevent these infections, while further research on the acute management of stimulant use disorder-associated infections is needed.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.