Trial reportMaternal & child nutrition2021
Toddler obesity prevention: A two-generation randomized attention-controlled trial.
Trial report in Maternal & child nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06616467 (Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention Targeting Mothers to Increase Tummy Time Practice and Maintain Healthy Weight in Infants), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention Targeting Mothers to Increase Tummy Time Practice and Maintain Healthy Weight in Infants
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of behavioural interventions for preventing obesity in young children from ethnic minority backgrounds: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Pooled it
- Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 2 to 4 years old.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Early General Parenting Interventions: Long-term Effects in Underrepresented Populations and Implications for Obesity Prevention.Current obesity reports · 2024Pooled it
- The effectiveness of interventions during the first 1,000 days to improve energy balance-related behaviors or prevent overweight/obesity in children from socio-economically disadvantaged families of high-income countries: a systematic review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2023Pooled it
- Preventing and treating childhood overweight and obesity in children up to 5 years old: A systematic review by intervention setting.Maternal & child nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Longitudinal Associations Among Diet Quality, Physical Activity and Sleep Onset Consistency With Body Mass Index z-Score Among Toddlers in Low-income Families.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2021Trial
- Toddler obesity prevention: A two-generation randomized attention-controlled trial.Maternal & child nutrition · 2021Trial
- Physical activity in infancy and early childhood: a narrative review of interventions for prevention of obesity and associated health outcomes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- An ecological momentary assessment study of physical activity behaviors among mothers of toddlers from low-income households.BMC women's health · 2021Article
- Maternal anxiety and diet quality among mothers and toddlers from low-income households.Maternal & child nutrition · 2020Article
- Hunger in the household: Food insecurity and associations with maternal eating and toddler feeding.Pediatric obesity · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Rapid weight gain increases risks of obesity and associated co-morbidities. The objective was to reduce the rate of body mass index (BMI) growth (BMI z score), relative to control. Secondary outcomes were toddler-mother physical activity, mealtime interactions and fruit/vegetable intake. The randomized three-arm, eight-session, 4-month trial, conducted 2009-2013, included two intervention arms (responsive parenting and maternal lifestyle) and an attention control (home safety). Baseline and 6- and 12-month follow-up evaluations included weight and length/height, ankle accelerometry, video-recorded mealtime interactions (Emotional Availability Scales) and 24-h diet recalls (Healthy Eating Index-2015 [HEI-2015]). Analyses used linear mixed-effects models with repeated measures comparing intervention versus control changes in BMI z score. We recruited 277 racially mixed (70% African American) toddler-mother dyads (mean ages 20.1 months and 27.3 years) from US WIC and primary care clinics and randomized them into intervention versus control; 31% toddlers and 73% mothers were overweight/obese. At follow-up, changes in the rate of toddler BMI z score and maternal BMI were non-significant. Maternal lifestyle group toddlers and mothers spent 24.43 and 11.01 more minutes in physical activity (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.55, 46.32, and 95% CI: 1.48, 20.54, respectively). Fruit intake increased in both intervention groups. Hostile mealtime interactions increased in the maternal lifestyle group, and in supplementary analyses, mealtime interactions were significantly higher in the responsive parenting group than in the maternal lifestyles group, suggesting that toddler dietary interventions include responsive parenting. Intervention effects were stronger among older versus younger toddlers. Despite no impact on weight gain, additional research should examine integrated two-generation responsive parenting and maternal lifestyle interventions among toddler-mother dyads.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.