SynthesisThe American journal of clinical nutrition2020
Predictors of inpatient mortality among children hospitalized for severe acute malnutrition: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Prevalence and risk factors of under-five mortality due to severe acute malnutrition in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Malnutrition enteropathy in Zambian and Zimbabwean children with severe acute malnutrition: A multi-arm randomized phase II trial.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Predicting referral need for febrile children in low-resource community settings in South and Southeast Asia.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Baseline characteristics associated with mortality among children living with HIV initiating ART at a rural district HIV clinic of Mozambique.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Duration of recovery from severe acute malnutrition and associated factors in children aged 6-59 months: a retrospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Adaptive Responses in Severe Acute Malnutrition: Endocrinology, Metabolomics, Mortality, and Growth.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Diagnostic criteria for severe acute malnutrition and fatal outcomes in children aged 6-59 months, Nigeria.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2025Observational
- High-frequency monitoring enables machine learning-based forecasting of acute child malnutrition for early warning.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Catastrophic expenditure associated with childhood hospitalisation for acute illness in Kenya and Uganda: a cross-sectional study.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Micronutrient status in children aged 6-59 months with severe wasting and/or nutritional edema: implications for nutritional rehabilitation formulations.Nutrition reviews · 2025Review
- Minimum dietary diversity behaviour among children aged 6 to 24 months and their determinants: insights from 31 Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries.BMC nutrition · 2024Article
- Article
- Systemic biological mechanisms underpin poor post-discharge growth among severely wasted children with HIV.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Hypoxaemia and risk of death among children: rethinking oxygen saturation, risk-stratification, and the role of pulse oximetry in primary care.The Lancet. Global health · 2024Review
- Article
- Inflammation and epithelial repair predict mortality, hospital readmission, and growth recovery in complicated severe acute malnutrition.Science translational medicine · 2024Article
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4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMalnutrition underlies 45% of under-5 deaths globally. Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is the most serious form of undernutrition, characterized by wasting with or without edema. Mortality remains high (10%-40%) among children requiring hospitalization for complicated SAM.
objectivesWe aimed to systematically document the factors independently associated with inpatient mortality in children with SAM.
methodsEmbase, Ovid MEDINE, the Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov were searched for articles published between January 2000 and January 2020, using a prespecified protocol. Eligible studies included children aged ≤59 mo hospitalized with SAM and used multivariable analysis to assess the baseline factors independently associated with inpatient mortality. Random-effects meta-analysis, stratified by the stated measure of effect, was used where >20% of studies included the same factor in analyses.
resultsTwenty-eight of 1432 studies fulfilled inclusion criteria: 19 studies included all children with SAM and 9 included specific subgroups of children with SAM. All 19 main studies were from 8 countries across Africa, with a median of 400 children/study. The mean inpatient mortality was 15.7% (95% CI: 10.4%, 21.0%) and HIV prevalence ranged from 2.1% to 51%. Nine factors were included in the meta-analysis, stratified by HR and OR. HIV infection (HR: 4.32; 95% CI: 2.31, 8.08), weight-for-height z score (WHZ) (OR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.24, 0.80), diarrhea (HR: 2.84; 95% CI: 1.40, 5.75), pneumonia (HR: 1.89; 95% CI: 1.19, 3.02), presence of shock (HR: 3.67; 95% CI: 2.24, 6.03), and lack of appetite (HR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.48, 3.16) were associated with increased mortality, whereas child age and sex were not. The association between edema and mortality was difficult to ascertain from the available studies.
conclusionsHIV infection, diarrhea, pneumonia, shock, lack of appetite, and lower WHZ are independent predictors of inpatient mortality in children with SAM. These factors may help to risk-stratify children being hospitalized with complicated SAM.This systematic review/meta-analysis protocol was registered at www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero as CRD42019152267.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.