Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32883342›Full record

SynthesisSystematic reviews2020

Zolpidem reduces pain intensity postoperatively: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of hypnotic medicines on post-operative pain intensity.

Edel T O'Hagan, Markus Hübscher, Christopher B Miller, Christopher J Gordon, Sylvia Gustin, Nancy Briggs, James H McAuley

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Systematic reviews, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Sleep as a Therapeutic Target for Pain Management.Current pain and headache reports · 2023
    Review
  5. Observational
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Observational
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Edel T O'HaganCentre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia. e.ohagan@neura.edu.au.ORCID 0000-0002-1914-5918
Markus HübscherCentre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.
Christopher B MillerCIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW, 2037, Australia.
Christopher J GordonCIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW, 2037, Australia.
Sylvia GustinCentre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.
Nancy BriggsStats Central, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.
James H McAuleyCentre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.
Neuroscience Research Australia · AUThe University of Sydney · AUUNSW Sydney · AUPrince of Wales Hospital · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis systematic review aimed to investigate whether the administration of hypnotic medicines, z-drugs, melatonin or benzodiazepines, reduced pain intensity postoperatively.

methodsMedline, Embase, Cinahl, Psych info, Central and PubMed databases were searched, from inception to February 2020 to identify relevant trials. The search was extended, post hoc, to include meta-Register of Controlled Trials, the Web of Science and the conference booklets for the 14th, 15th, and 16th International Association for the Study of Pain conferences. Two independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts and cross-checked the extracted data.

resultsThe search retrieved 5546 articles. After full-text screening, 15 trials were included, which had randomised 1252 participants. There is moderate-quality evidence that in the short-term [WMD - 1.06, CI - 1.48 to - 0.64, p ≤ .01] and low-quality evidence that in the medium-term [WMD - 0.90, CI - 1.43 to - 0.37, p ≤ .01] postoperative period oral zolpidem 5/10 mg with other analgesic medicines reduced pain intensity compared to the same analgesic medicines alone. There is low-quality evidence that melatonin was not effective on postoperative pain intensity compared to placebo. The results of benzodiazepines on pain intensity were mixed. The authors reported no significant adverse events.

conclusionsThere is promising evidence that the hypnotic medicine zolpidem, adjuvant to other analgesics, is effective at achieving a minimally clinically important difference in pain intensity postoperatively. There is no consistent effect of melatonin or benzodiazepines on postoperative pain intensity. Readers should interpret these results with some caution due to the lack of data on safety, the small number of trials included in the pooled effects and their sample sizes. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: The protocol for this systematic review was registered with PROSPERO ID= CRD42015025327 .

Indexed as

AftercareHypnotics and SedativesPostoperative PainSurgical Procedures, OperativeAdultAgedChildFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPatient DischargeReproducibility of ResultsSingle-Blind MethodZolpidemHypnotics and SedativesZolpidem

Identifiers

PMID32883342
PMCPMC7472584
OpenAlexW3083032012

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.