ArticleTuberculosis and respiratory diseases2021
COVID-19 Death and BCG Vaccination Programs Worldwide.
Article in Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Non-specific protection against severe COVID-19 associated to typhoid fever and DTP vaccination.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Strategies and Trends in COVID-19 Vaccination Delivery: What We Learn and What We May Use for the Future.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Tuberculosis Preventive Services and Their Post-Pandemic Recovery Strategies: A Rapid Review of Literature.Journal of Korean medical science · 2023Review
- Protection against tuberculosis achieved by dissolving microneedle patches loaded with liveFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- An alternative to airborne droplet transmission route of SARS-CoV-2, the feco-oral route, as a factor shaping COVID-19 pandemic.Medical hypotheses · 2022Article
- BCG Vaccination: A potential tool against COVID-19 and COVID-19-like Black Swan incidents.International immunopharmacology · 2022Review
- The Natural Effect of BCG Vaccination on COVID-19: The Debate Continues.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Citizen science initiative points at childhood BCG vaccination as a risk factor for COVID-19.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2021Article
- COVID-19 and Beyond: Exploring Public Health Benefits from Non-Specific Effects of BCG Vaccination.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Reliability of Portable Spirometry Performed in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Compared to Conventional Spirometry.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2021Article
- COVID-19 Death and BCG Vaccination.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2021Article
- Genetic Variants in Immune Related Genes as Predictors of Responsiveness to BCG Immunotherapy in Metastatic Melanoma Patients.Cancers · 2020Article
- Induction of Trained Immunity by Recombinant Vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- SARS-CoV-2: Immune Response Elicited by Infection and Development of Vaccines and Treatments.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several clinical trials are being conducted worldwide to investigate the protective effect of the bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine against death in healthcare providers who are working directly with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Clinical studies suggested that certain live vaccines, particularly the BCG vaccine, could reduce the mortality due to other diseases caused by non-targeted pathogens, most probably through the nonspecific effects (heterologous effects). By the end of May 2020, the available information on the COVID-19 pandemic indicated the great effect of the BCG vaccine in reducing the number of COVID-19 death cases. The occurrence of death due to COVID-19 was found to be 21-fold lower in countries with a national BCG vaccination policy than in countries without such a policy, based on the medians of COVID-19 death case per 1 million of the population in these two groups of countries (p<0.001, MannWhitney test). Therefore, it can be concluded that the early establishment of a BCG vaccination policy in any country is a key element in reducing the number of COVID-19 and tuberculosis death cases.
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Registered trials
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