ReviewVision (Basel, Switzerland)2020
Potential of Ocular Transmission of SARS-CoV-2: A Review.
Review in Vision (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- An Eye on COVID-19: A Meta-analysis of Positive Conjunctival Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction and SARS-CoV-2 Conjunctivitis Prevalence.Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry · 2021Pooled it
- Viral mechanisms, tropism, and clinical relevance regarding the ophthalmic manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Impact of COVID-19 on Ocular Surface Health: Infection Mechanisms, Immune Modulation, and Inflammatory Responses.Viruses · 2025Review
- Detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus on the ocular surface of an asymptomatic health-care professional.Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia · 2024Article
- Monoclonal neutralizing antibodies against SARS-COV-2 S protein.American journal of translational research · 2024Article
- Review
- Non-Pharmacological Strategies and Interventions for Effective COVID-19 Control: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Incidence and clinical characteristic of ocular surface manifestation: an evaluation of conjunctival swab results in Corona Virus 2019 (COVID-19) patients in Jakarta, Indonesia.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2023Article
- Convergent Evolution Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV Surface Envelope Glycoproteins Driven by Host Cell Surface Receptors and Lipid Rafts: Lessons for the Future.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The impact of a rub and rinse regimen on removal of human coronaviruses from contemporary contact lens materials.Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association · 2022Article
- Conjunctival Swab Findings in 484 COVID-19 Patients in Four Hospital Centers in Slovakia.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- A case of retinal vascular involvement in a 6-year-old patient with Covid-19.European journal of ophthalmology · 2022Article
- COVID-19 and retinal degenerative diseases: Promising link "Kaempferol".Current opinion in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Antiviral Activity of Contemporary Contact Lens Care Solutions against Two Human Seasonal Coronavirus Strains.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Insights on the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through the eyes.International journal of ophthalmology · 2022Review
- A Systematic Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis of Ophthalmology and COVID-19 Research.Journal of ophthalmology · 2022Review
- Identification of SARS-CoV-2 on the ocular surface in a cohort of COVID-19 patients from Brazil.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2021Article
- Animal models of SARS-CoV-2 transmission.Current opinion in virology · 2021Review
- Viral S protein histochemistry reveals few potential SARS-CoV-2 entry sites in human ocular tissues.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Keeping an eye on the many symptoms of COVID-19.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewto provide a prospective on the current mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 enters cells and replicates, and its implications for ocular transmission. The literature was analyzed to understand ocular transmission as well as molecular mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 enters cells and replicates. Analysis of gene expression profiles from available datasets, published immunohistochemistry, as well as current literature was reviewed, to assess the likelihood that ocular inoculation of SARS-CoV-2 results in systemic infection. RECENT
findingsThe ocular surface and retina have the necessary proteins, Transmembrane Serine Protease 2 (TMPRSS2), CD147, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Cathepsin L (CTSL) necessary to be infected with SARS-CoV-2. In addition to direct ocular infection, virus carried by tears through the nasolacrimal duct to nasal epithelium represent a means of ocular inoculation. SUMMARY: There is evidence that SARS-CoV-2 may either directly infect cells on the ocular surface, or virus can be carried by tears through the nasolacrimal duct to infect the nasal or gastrointestinal epithelium.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.