ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2020
The competing risk of death and selective survival cannot fully explain the inverse cancer-dementia association.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Depressive and insomnia symptoms and incident dementia risk: A 12-year study in U.S. older adults.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- Emerging New Pathways in Malignant Neoplasms and Neurodegenerative Disorders: Perspectives for Therapeutics.Cells · 2026Review
- Estimating cognitive decline in longitudinal studies with high mortality and a long interwave period: A comparison of approaches and considerations around integrating end-of-life interview data.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Lessons from the physiological role of guanosine in neurodegeneration and cancer: Toward a multimodal mechanism of action?Purinergic signalling · 2025Review
- The inverse association between cancer history and incident cognitive impairment: Addressing attrition bias.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Alzheimer disease-related biomarkers and cancer-related cognitive decline: the Thinking and Living with Cancer study.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2024Article
- Cognitive Trajectories in Older Adults Diagnosed With Hematologic Malignant Neoplasms.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Association of cancer history with structural brain aging markers of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias risk.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Trends on Prevalence, All-Cause Mortality, and Survival Status of Dementia Patients in Rural China Based on Pooling Analysis.International journal of public health · 2024Article
- Lower Incidence of Dementia Following Cancer Diagnoses: Evidence from a Large Cohort and Mendelian Randomization Study.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2024Article
- Association between cancer and dementia risk in the UK Biobank: evidence of diagnostic bias.European journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
- Education, incident cancer, and rate of memory decline in a national sample of US adults in mid-to-later-life.Journal of geriatric oncology · 2023Article
- Investigating the association between cancer and dementia risk: a longitudinal cohort study.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2022Article
- Cancer diagnosis is associated with a lower burden of dementia and less Alzheimer's-type neuropathology.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2022Article
- The Role of Dementia Diagnostic Delay in the Inverse Cancer-Dementia Association.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2022Article
- Association between age at onset of multimorbidity and incidence of dementia: 30 year follow-up in Whitehall II prospective cohort study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2022Article
- Novel predictive tools and therapeutic strategies for patients with initially diagnosed glottic cancer in the United States.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2022Article
- Investigating the association between cancer and the risk of dementia: Results from the Memento cohort.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2021Article
- Subtle mistakes in self-report surveys predict future transition to dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionWe evaluated whether competing risk of death or selective survival could explain the reported inverse association between cancer history and dementia incidence (incidence rate ratio [IRR] ≈ 0.62-0.85).
methodsA multistate simulation model of a cancer- and dementia-free cohort of 65-year-olds was parameterized with real-world data (cancer and dementia incidence, mortality), assuming no effect of cancer on dementia (true IRR = 1.00). To introduce competing risk of death, cancer history increased mortality. To introduce selective survival, we included a factor (prevalence ranging from 10% to 50%) that reduced cancer mortality and dementia incidence (IRRs ranged from 0.30 to 0.90). We calculated IRRs for cancer history on dementia incidence in the simulated cohorts.
resultsCompeting risk of death yielded unbiased cancer-dementia IRRs. With selective survival, bias was small (IRRs = 0.89 to 0.99), even under extreme scenarios. DISCUSSION: The bias induced by selective survival in simulations was too small to explain the observed inverse cancer-dementia link, suggesting other mechanisms drive this association.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.