Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32880743›Full record

ReviewCurrent atherosclerosis reports2020

Targeting Inflammation to Reduce Residual Cardiovascular Risk.

Oluremi N Ajala, Brendan M Everett

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current atherosclerosis reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Cardiovascular events risk in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases: a prognostic systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2024
    Pooled it
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  13. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Remission, Dream or Reality? A Narrative Review of Current Evidence and Integrated Care Strategies.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Oluremi N AjalaDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 900 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Brendan M EverettDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 900 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. beverett@bwh.harvard.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-6331-5224
Brigham and Women's Hospital · US

Funding

Training Program in the Epidemiology of CVDT32HL007575 · NHLBI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI BURING, JULIE E., RIDKER, PAUL M. · 1985 to 2019
$5.0M
Inflammation Reduction to Prevent Atrial Fibrillation (CIRT-AF)R56HL134810 · NHLBI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI EVERETT, BRENDAN M · 2018 to 2018
$585k
NHLBI NIH HHS R56 HL134810NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL007575
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewPatients with established cardiovascular disease are at high risk for recurrent myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death. The term residual risk refers to this risk that persists, even after optimal treatment. Considerable progress has been made to understand the biological basis of residual risk and to devise therapies that can safely and effectively reduce risk. The presence of ongoing subclinical vascular inflammation is known to be a marker of elevated residual risk, and reductions in measures of vascular inflammation predict improved outcome in these patients. RECENT

findingsRecent trials of anti-inflammatory agents have specifically tested the hypothesis that inflammation reduction reduces residual cardiovascular risk. Most prominent among these are the CANTOS, COLCOT, and CIRT trials. CANTOS enrolled patients with prior myocardial infarction (MI) and a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ≥ 2 mg/L and reported a 15% reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.74-0.98) with the interleukin-1β inhibitor canakinumab. In COLCOT, colchicine 0.5 mg daily led to a 23% relative risk reduction (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.61-0.96) in major vascular events in patients with recent acute coronary syndrome. By contrast, CIRT was stopped early for lack of benefit of low-dose methotrexate in preventing MACE in patients with coronary artery disease and either type 2 diabetes or the metabolic syndrome. Ongoing subclinical inflammation is an important marker of risk in patients with established cardiovascular disease, and novel therapies targeted at specific inflammatory pathways now demonstrate efficacy for the prevention of major adverse cardiovascular events.

Indexed as

Antibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAnti-Inflammatory AgentsCardiovascular DiseasesColchicineC-Reactive ProteinDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Heart Disease Risk FactorsHumansInterleukin-1betaMetabolic SyndromeTreatment OutcomeVasculitisAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAnti-Inflammatory AgentscanakinumabColchicineC-Reactive ProteinIL1B protein, humanInterleukin-1betaAtherosclerosisCardiovascular diseaseInflammationPreventionResidual risk

Identifiers

PMID32880743
OpenAlexW3083430288

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.