ArticleScientific reports2020
In vitro study on aspects of molecular mechanisms underlying invasive aspergillosis caused by gliotoxin and fumagillin, alone and in combination.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Beyond dysbiosis: microbial metabolites as key remodelers of nasal mucosal immune tolerance in chronic rhinosinusitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immune markers for pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Elevated Urinary Levels of Fungal and Environmental Toxins in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2024Article
- Fungal profile, levels of aflatoxin M1, exposure, and the risk characterization of local cheese 'Toxicology reports · 2024Article
- Characterization ofJournal of medical microbiology · 2024Article
- Uncommon Occurrence of Pulmonary Aspergillosis Caused by Aspergillus sydowii: A Case Report.Cureus · 2023Article
- The Aspergillus fumigatus UPR is variably activated across nutrient and host environments and is critical for the establishment of corneal infection.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Molecular characterization of gliotoxin-producingVeterinary world · 2023Article
- Article
- Monoclonal Antibodies and Invasive Aspergillosis: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Therapeutic Potential of Green Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles Using Extract ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Mycobiota profile, phenology, and potential toxicogenic and pathogenic species associated with stored groundnuts (Food science & nutrition · 2022Article
- Exposure to theMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2022Article
- Molecular Profiling Reveals Characteristic and Decisive Signatures in Patients after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Suffering from Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Growth ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Fungi-A Component of the Oral Microbiome Involved in Periodontal Diseases.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- Effective Inhibition of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis by Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized withNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The Toxic Mechanism of Gliotoxins and Biosynthetic Strategies for Toxicity Prevention.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gliotoxin (GT) and fumagillin (FUM) are mycotoxins most abundantly produced by Aspergillus fumigatus during the early stages of infection to cause invasive aspergillosis (IA). Therefore, we hypothesized that GT and FUM could be the possible source of virulence factors, which we put to test adopting in vitro monoculture and the novel integrated multiple organ co-culture (IdMOC) of A549 and L132 cell. We found that (i) GT is more cytotoxic to lung epithelial cells than FUM, and (ii) GT and FUM act synergistically to inflict pathology to the lung epithelial cell. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the master regulator of the cytotoxicity of GT, FUM and GT + FUM. ROS may be produced as a sequel to mitochondrial damage and, thus, mitochondria are both the source of ROS and the target to ROS. GT-, FUM- and GT + FUM-induced DNA damage is mediated either by ROS-dependent mechanism or directly by the fungal toxins. In addition, GT, FUM and GT + FUM may induce protein accumulation. Further, it is speculated that GT and FUM inflict epithelial damage by neutrophil-mediated inflammation. With respect to multiple organ cytotoxicity, GT was found to be cytotoxic at IC
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.