ArticleBMC medicine2020
Circulating bilirubin levels and risk of colorectal cancer: serological and Mendelian randomization analyses.
Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph
Article in BMC medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02328677 (ColoCare Transdisciplinary Research in Colorectal Cancer Prognosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
ColoCare Transdisciplinary Research in Colorectal Cancer Prognosis
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of Mendelian randomization studies on risk of cancer.BMC medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Microbiome-derived cancer: the catabolism of bilirubin to urobilin in the liver-gut axis and its consequences.Gastroenterology report · 2026Review
- Transcriptome-wide Mendelian randomization and single-cell analysis during CD4NPJ precision oncology · 2025Article
- Effect of Environmental Exposure to Zearalenone on the Metabolic Profile of Patients with Sigmoid Colorectal Cancer or Colorectal Cancer on the Day of Hospital Admission.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Bilirubin metabolism and its application in disease prevention: mechanisms and research advances.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Review
- Impact of obesity and diabetes on colorectal cancer in Saudi Arabia is associated with liver γ‑glutamyl transferase abnormality.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2025Article
- Routine Blood Tests as Predictive Tools for Differentiating Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma From Follicular Adenoma.International journal of general medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Association between depression and liver function biomarkers among US cancer survivors in NHANES 2005-2020.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Serum bilirubin levels and risk of colorectal cancer in Korean adults: results from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study-Health Examinee (KoGES-HEXA) Cohort Study.British journal of cancer · 2024Article
- Assessing the Impact of Serum Calcium, 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D, Ferritin, and Uric Acid Levels on Colorectal Cancer Risk.Journal of clinical medicine research · 2024Article
- Association between bilirubin and biomarkers of metabolic health and oxidative stress in the MARK-AGE cohort.iScience · 2024Article
- Prognostic and immunotherapeutic implications of bilirubin metabolism-associated genes in lung adenocarcinoma.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Korea4K: whole genome sequences of 4,157 Koreans with 107 phenotypes derived from extensive health check-ups.GigaScience · 2024Article
- Correlation between pre-treatment serum total blood bilirubin and unconjugated bilirubin and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2023Article
- Article
- Gender Differences in Oxidative Stress in Relation to Cancer Susceptibility and Survival.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Genetically determined serum bilirubin level and the risk of heart failure: A mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
- The gut microbiome and metabolites are altered and interrelated in patients with functional constipation.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
98 authors at 20 institutions in 17 countries.
Nazlisadat Seyed KhoeiDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Mazda JenabNutritional Epidemiology Group, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France.
Neil MurphyNutritional Epidemiology Group, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France.
Barbara L BanburyPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Robert Carreras-TorresColorectal Cancer Group, ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL). L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Vivian ViallonNutritional Methodology and Biostatistics Group, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
Tilman KühnDivision of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Bas Bueno-de-MesquitaDepartment for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Krasimira AleksandrovaGroup Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.
Amanda J CrossDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Elisabete WeiderpassInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France.
Magdalena StepienNutritional Epidemiology Group, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France.
Andrew BulmerSchool of Medicine, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Anne TjønnelandDanish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Marie-Christine Boutron-RuaultCESP (Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations), Fac. de médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
Gianluca SeveriCESP (Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations), Fac. de médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
Franck CarbonnelCESP (Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations), Fac. de médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
Verena KatzkeDivision of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Heiner BoeingDepartment of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Postdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany.
Manuela M BergmannDepartment of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Postdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany.
Antonia TrichopoulouHellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece.
Anna KarakatsaniHellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece.
Georgia MartimianakiHellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece.
Domenico PalliCancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network - ISPRO, Florence, Italy.
Giovanna TagliabueLombardy Cancer Registry Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
Salvatore PanicoDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
Rosario TuminoCancer Registry and Histopathology Department, "M.P. Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Ragusa, Italy.
Carlotta SacerdoteUnit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Turin, Italy.
Guri SkeieDepartment of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø (UiT), The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Susana MerinoPublic Health Directorate, Asturias, Spain.
Catalina BonetCancer Epidemiology Research Program, Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.
Miguel Rodríguez-BarrancoEscuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs. GRANADA, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
Leire GilPublic Health Division of Gipuzkoa-BIODONOSTIA, Basque Regional Health Department, San Sebastian, Spain.
Maria-Dolores ChirlaqueCIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
Eva ArdanazCIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
Robin MyteDepartment of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Johan HultdinDepartment of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Aurora Perez-CornagoCancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Dagfinn AuneDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Konstantinos K TsilidisDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Demetrius AlbanesDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
John A BaronDepartment of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Sonja I BerndtDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Stéphane BézieauService de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, Nantes, France.
Hermann BrennerDivision of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Peter T CampbellBehavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Graham CaseyCenter for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Andrew T ChanDivision of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Jenny Chang-ClaudeDivision of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Stephen J ChanockDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Michelle CotterchioPrevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Steven GallingerLunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Stephen B GruberDepartment of Preventive Medicine, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Robert W HaileDivision of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Jochen HampeDepartment of Medicine I, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), Dresden, Germany.
Michael HoffmeisterDivision of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
John L HopperCentre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Li HsuPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Jeroen R HuyghePublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Mark A JenkinsCentre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Amit D JoshiClinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Ellen KampmanDivision of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Susanna C LarssonInstitute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Loic Le MarchandUniversity of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA.
Christopher I LiPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Li LiDepartment of Family Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Annika LindblomDepartment of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Noralane M LindorDepartment of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
Vicente MartínCIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
Victor MorenoColorectal Cancer Group, ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL). L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Polly A NewcombPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Kenneth OffitClinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
Shuji OginoBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Patrick S ParfreyThe Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Memorial University Medical School, Newfoundland, Canada.
Paul D P PharoahDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Gad RennertDepartment of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
Lori C SakodaPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Clemens SchafmayerDepartment of General, Visceral, Vascular, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
Stephanie L SchmitDepartment of Preventive Medicine, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Robert E SchoenDepartment of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Martha L SlatteryDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Stephen N ThibodeauDivision of Laboratory Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Cornelia M UlrichHuntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Franzel J B van DuijnhovenDivision of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Korbinian WeiglDivision of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Stephanie J WeinsteinDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Emily WhitePublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Alicja WolkInstitute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Michael O WoodsDiscipline of Genetics, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada.
Anna H WuUniversity of Southern California, Preventative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Xuehong ZhangChanning Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Pietro FerrariNutritional Methodology and Biostatistics Group, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
Gabriele AntonInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.
Annette PetersInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.
Ulrike PetersPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Marc J GunterNutritional Epidemiology Group, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France.
Karl-Heinz WagnerDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Heinz FreislingNutritional Methodology and Biostatistics Group, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France. freislingh@iarc.fr.
Centre international de recherche sur le cancer · FRFred Hutch Cancer Center · USGerman Cancer Research Center · DEGerman Institute of Human Nutrition · DEHellenic Health Foundation · GRKarolinska Institutet · SEHeidelberg University · DEHelmholtz Zentrum München · DEImperial College London · GBMemorial University of Newfoundland · CANational Cancer Institute · USNational Institutes of Health · USPiedmont Reference Center for Epidemiology and Cancer Prevention · ITThe University of Melbourne · AUUmeå University · SEUniversity of Southern California · USUniversity of Toronto · CAUniversity of Utah · USUniversity of Vienna · ATUniversity of Virginia · US
Funding
X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHYP30CA008748 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES · PI Nicholas D Socci · 1985 to 2026
$347.4MVECTOR CORE FACILITYP30CA047904 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI Jessie Nedrow · 1988 to 2026
$158.0MData sharing: the Colon Cancer Family Registry CohortU01CA167551 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE · PI Daniel David BUCHANAN, Steven Gallinger · 2018 to 2026
$16.8MUsing Functional Genomics to Inform Gene Environment Interactions for Colorectal CancerR01CA201407 · NCI · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI CASEY, GRAHAM, GAUDERMAN, WILLIAM JAMES · 2016 to 2020
$9.6MCancer Research UK 25004NCI NIH HHS P30 CA008748NCI NIH HHS P30 CA047904NCI NIH HHS R01 CA201407NCI NIH HHS U01 CA167551World Health Organization 001
Abstract
backgroundBilirubin, a byproduct of hemoglobin breakdown and purported anti-oxidant, is thought to be cancer preventive. We conducted complementary serological and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to investigate whether alterations in circulating levels of bilirubin are associated with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). We decided a priori to perform analyses separately in men and women based on suggestive evidence that associations may differ by sex.
methodsIn a case-control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), pre-diagnostic unconjugated bilirubin (UCB, the main component of total bilirubin) concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography in plasma samples of 1386 CRC cases and their individually matched controls. Additionally, 115 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) robustly associated (P < 5 × 10
resultsThe associations between circulating UCB levels and CRC risk differed by sex (P
conclusionsAdditional insight into the relationship between circulating bilirubin and CRC is needed in order to conclude on a potential causal role of bilirubin in CRC development.
Indexed as
AdultAgedBilirubinCase-Control StudiesColorectal NeoplasmsEuropeFemaleHumansMaleMendelian Randomization AnalysisMiddle AgedPolymorphism, Single NucleotideProspective StudiesRisk FactorsBilirubinAnti-oxidantsBilirubinCancerColorectal cancerMendelian randomization analysis
Identifiers
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Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
NCT02328677ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.