ArticleCell reports2020
Heterogeneity of Antiviral Responses in the Upper Respiratory Tract Mediates Differential Non-lytic Clearance of Influenza Viruses.
Article in Cell reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Olfactory Tuft Cells Are Critical to Basal Inflammation, Innate Immune Response to Viral Infection, and Modulation of Quiescent Stem Cell Activation, Proliferation and Differentiation.Cell proliferation · 2026Article
- Olfactory immunity: defending the neural-mucosal barrier.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Review
- Antiviral responses in peripheral and brain neurons.Current opinion in immunology · 2025Review
- Viral destruction of the olfactory mucosa elicits immune residence, bone metaplasia, and long-term smell loss.Mucosal immunology · 2025Article
- Influenza B virus infection alters the regenerative potential of murine alveolar type 2 pneumocytes.mBio · 2025Article
- Distinct olfactory mucosal macrophage populations mediate neuronal maintenance and pathogen defense.Mucosal immunology · 2024Article
- Article
- Olfactory immunology: the missing piece in airway and CNS defence.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- Primary nasal viral infection rewires the tissue-scale memory response.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Olfactory immune response to SARS-CoV-2.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2024Review
- Poly I:C Pre-Treatment Induced the Anti-Viral Interferon Response in Airway Epithelial Cells.Viruses · 2023Article
- Segmented, Negative-Sense RNA Viruses of Humans: Genetic Systems and Experimental Uses of Reporter Strains.Annual review of virology · 2023Review
- Identification of Immune Cells in Murine Olfactory Mucosa.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Mucosal plasma cells are required to protect the upper airway and brain from infection.Immunity · 2022Article
- International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Influenza viruses initiate infection in the upper respiratory tract (URT), but early viral tropism and the importance of cell-type-specific antiviral responses in this tissue remain incompletely understood. By infecting transgenic lox-stop-lox reporter mice with a Cre-recombinase-expressing influenza B virus, we identify olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) as a major viral cell target in the URT. These cells become infected, then eliminate the virus and survive in the host post-resolution of infection. OSN responses to infection are characterized by a strong induction of interferon-stimulated genes and more rapid clearance of viral protein relative to other cells in the epithelium. We speculate that this cell-type-specific response likely serves to protect the central nervous system from infection. More broadly, these results highlight the importance of evaluating antiviral responses across different cell types, even those within the same tissue, to more fully understand the mechanisms of viral disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.