ArticleGlobal spine journal2021
Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in Spine Surgery.
Article in Global spine journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- AI applications in lumbar and lumbosacral pedicle screw placement: a systematic review of limited evidence and future directions.Neurosurgical review · 2026Pooled it
- Minimally invasive laparoscopic and robotic anterior lumbar interbody fusion: a systematic review and future directions.BMC surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Advanced systems for intraoperative cartilage evaluation and treatment demonstrate early feasibility and a shift towards integrating artificial intelligence: A scoping review.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2026Article
- Global analysis and prospects of assisted pedicle screw placement surgery: a bibliometric study.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Intraoperative full-spine imaging with C-arm using a deep learning-based automatic stitching model: development and clinical validation.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence and robotic technologies redefining precision and personalization in orthopedic surgery: a narrative review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Modern Medicine: Clinical Applications, Economic Implications, and Ethical Considerations.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Review
- Will your next surgeon be a robot? Autonomy and AI in robotic surgery.Science robotics · 2025Review
- Comprehensive Approaches to Pain Management in Postoperative Spinal Surgery Patients: Advanced Strategies and Future Directions.Neurology international · 2025Review
- Advancements in Machine Learning for Precision Diagnostics and Surgical Interventions in Interconnected Musculoskeletal and Visual Systems.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- From error to prevention of wrong-level spine surgery: a review.Patient safety in surgery · 2025Review
- Article
- Optimizing Single-Position Prone Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion with Exoscopic Technology: A Review of Key Innovations.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Artificial intelligence and its use in spine surgery and preparation of predictive models: a systematic review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Scoping review of robotics technology in spinal surgery with highlights of the Annual Seattle Science Foundation Course.Annals of translational medicine · 2024Review
- Using Artificial Intelligence in the Comprehensive Management of Spinal Cord Injury.Korean journal of neurotrauma · 2024Review
- Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Spine Research: A New Frontier.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Artificial intelligence: revolutionizing robotic surgery: review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- [Brief history and application prospect of robotic spine surgery].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2024Article
- Robotic-assisted spine surgery-a narrative review.Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STUDY
designNarrative review.
objectivesArtificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have emerged as disruptive technologies with the potential to drastically affect clinical decision making in spine surgery. AI can enhance the delivery of spine care in several arenas: (1) preoperative patient workup, patient selection, and outcome prediction; (2) quality and reproducibility of spine research; (3) perioperative surgical assistance and data tracking optimization; and (4) intraoperative surgical performance. The purpose of this narrative review is to concisely assemble, analyze, and discuss current trends and applications of AI and ML in conventional and robotic-assisted spine surgery.
methodsWe conducted a comprehensive PubMed search of peer-reviewed articles that were published between 2006 and 2019 examining AI, ML, and robotics in spine surgery. Key findings were then compiled and summarized in this review.
resultsThe majority of the published AI literature in spine surgery has focused on predictive analytics and supervised image recognition for radiographic diagnosis. Several investigators have studied the use of AI/ML in the perioperative setting in small patient cohorts; pivotal trials are still pending.
conclusionsArtificial intelligence has tremendous potential in revolutionizing comprehensive spine care. Evidence-based, predictive analytics can help surgeons improve preoperative patient selection, surgical indications, and individualized postoperative care. Robotic-assisted surgery, while still in early stages of development, has the potential to reduce surgeon fatigue and improve technical precision.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.