ArticleBMC infectious diseases2020
Evaluation of bacterial co-infections of the respiratory tract in COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 210 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
210 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 422 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antibiotic resistance and bacterial co-infections in COVID-19 patients in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis of hospitalized and non-hospitalized cases.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in West Africa.BMC medical genomics · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on multidrug resistant gram positive and gram negative pathogens: A systematic review.Journal of infection and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Antibiotic Resistance during COVID-19: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis (November 2019-June 2021).Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2022Pooled it
- Worldwide prevalence of microbial agents' coinfection among COVID-19 patients: A comprehensive updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022Pooled it
- Mortality risk factors of COVID-19 infection in kidney transplantation recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohorts and clinical registries.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- Viral Coinfection among COVID-19 Patient Groups: An Update Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.BioMed research international · 2021Pooled it
- Prevalence and outcomes of co-infection and superinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Influence of COVID-19 on Clinical Outcomes ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Pathogen-specific immune responses might underlie divergent outcomes of coronavirus and influenza infection in the natural porcine host.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Shape-Directed Hydrothermal Design of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial and Anticancer Applications.Bioinorganic chemistry and applications · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial resistance before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Brazil.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the antibacterial effects of four essential oils on antibiotic-resistant bacteria isolated from ventilator-dependent patients.GMS hygiene and infection control · 2026Article
- Molecular Surveillance of Viral Genotypes and Aerobic Bacterial Coinfections in Respiratory Infections: Insights From a Tertiary Care Setting in Iran.BioMed research international · 2026Article
- Review
- Promising Prodiginins Biological Activities.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2025Review
- The relationship between respiratory tract infections caused by toxin-producing bacteria in burn patients during COVID-19: pathogenesis, diagnostics and novel therapies.Journal of medical microbiology · 2025Review
- Prognostic Factors in COVID-19 Patients with Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A Single-Centre Experience.Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology · 2025Article
150 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCOVID-19 is known as a new viral infection. Viral-bacterial co-infections are one of the biggest medical concerns, resulting in increased mortality rates. To date, few studies have investigated bacterial superinfections in COVID-19 patients. Hence, we designed the current study on COVID-19 patients admitted to ICUs.
methodsNineteen patients admitted to our ICUs were enrolled in this study. To detect COVID-19, reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed. Endotracheal aspirate samples were also collected and cultured on different media to support the growth of the bacteria. After incubation, formed colonies on the media were identified using Gram staining and other biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out based on the CLSI recommendations.
resultsOf nineteen COVID-19 patients, 11 (58%) patients were male and 8 (42%) were female, with a mean age of ~ 67 years old. The average ICU length of stay was ~ 15 days and at the end of the study, 18 cases (95%) expired and only was 1 case (5%) discharged. In total, all patients were found positive for bacterial infections, including seventeen Acinetobacter baumannii (90%) and two Staphylococcus aureus (10%) strains. There was no difference in the bacteria species detected in any of the sampling points. Seventeen of 17 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii were resistant to the evaluated antibiotics. No metallo-beta-lactamases -producing Acinetobacter baumannii strain was found. One of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates was detected as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and isolated from the patient who died, while another Staphylococcus aureus strain was susceptible to tested drugs and identified as methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus.
conclusionsOur findings emphasize the concern of superinfection in COVID-19 patients due to Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus. Consequently, it is important to pay attention to bacterial co-infections in critical patients positive for COVID-19.
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