ArticleTissue engineering. Part A2021
Cerebellar Differentiation from Human Stem Cells Through Retinoid, Wnt, and Sonic Hedgehog Pathways.
Article in Tissue engineering. Part A, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- A beginner's guide on the use of brain organoids for neuroscientists: a systematic review.Stem cell research & therapy · 2023Pooled it
- Immuno-Regulation of Brain Region-Specific Organoids Containing Isogenic Microglia-Like Cells.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Review
- Engineering Extracellular Vesicles Secreted by Human Brain Organoids with Different Regional Identity.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Review
- Modeling human brain rhabdoid tumor by inactivating tumor suppressor genes in induced pluripotent stem cells.Bioactive materials · 2024Article
- Assessment of the level of apoptosis in differentiated pseudo-neuronal cells derived from neural stem cells under the influence of various inducers.American journal of stem cells · 2024Review
- Multinuclear MRI Reveals Early Efficacy of Stem Cell Therapy in Stroke.Translational stroke research · 2023Article
- Inflammatory Response and Exosome Biogenesis of Choroid Plexus Organoids Derived from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Modelling hyperexcitability in human cerebral cortical organoids: Oxygen/glucose deprivation most effective stimulant.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Modeling Human Brain Tumors and the Microenvironment Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.Cancers · 2023Review
- The Wisdom in Teeth: Neuronal Differentiation of Dental Pulp Cells.Cellular reprogramming · 2023Review
- Article
- Functional bioengineered models of the central nervous system.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2023Review
- Phenotypic, metabolic, and biogenesis properties of human stem cell-derived cerebellar spheroids.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Human Cerebellar Development and Transcriptomics: Implications for Neurodevelopmental Disorders.Annual review of neuroscience · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Differentiating cerebellar organoids can be challenging due to complex cell organization and structure in the cerebellum. Different approaches were investigated to recapitulate differentiation process of the cerebellum from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) without high efficiency. This study was carried out to test the hypothesis that the combination of different signaling factors including retinoic acid (RA), Wnt activator, and sonic hedgehog (SHH) activator promotes the cerebellar differentiation of hiPSCs. Wnt, RA, and SHH pathways were activated by CHIR99021 (CHIR), RA, and purmorphamine (PMR), respectively. Different combinations of the morphogens (RA/CHIR, RA/PMR, CHIR/PMR, and RA/CHIR/PMR) were utilized, and the spheroids (day 35) were characterized for the markers of three cerebellum layers (the molecular layer, the Purkinje cell layer, and the granule cell layer). Of all the combinations tested, RA/CHIR/PMR promoted both the Purkinje cell layer and the granule cell layer differentiation. The cells also exhibited electrophysiological characteristics using whole-cell patch clamp recording, especially demonstrating Purkinje cell electrophysiology. This study should advance the understanding of different signaling pathways during cerebellar development to engineer cerebellum organoids for drug screening and disease modeling. Impact statement This study investigated the synergistic effects of retinoic acid, Wnt activator, and sonic hedgehog activator on cerebellar patterning of human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) spheroids and organoids. The results indicate that the combination promotes the differentiation of the Purkinje cell layer and the granule cell layer. The cells also exhibit electrophysiological characteristics using whole-cell patch clamp recording, especially demonstrating Purkinje cell electrophysiology. The findings are significant for understanding the biochemical signaling of three-dimensional microenvironment on neural patterning of hiPSCs for applications in organoid engineering, disease modeling, and drug screening.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.