ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2020
Mortality among Fire Department of the City of New York Rescue and Recovery Workers Exposed to the World Trade Center Disaster, 2001-2017.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-cancer mortality among firefighters: a meta-analytic review of heart disease, stroke, respiratory disease, liver disease, accidents, and suicide.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Non-invasive liver fibrosis scores and mortality in a cohort of World Trade Center rescue/recovery workers.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2025Article
- World Trade Center (WTC) Exposures and Cardiometabolic Risk Among WTC Health Program General Responders.American journal of public health · 2025Article
- Exposure-Informed Care Following Toxic Environmental Exposures: A Lifestyle Medicine Approach.American journal of lifestyle medicine · 2025Review
- Trace and Major Element Concentrations in Cadaveric Lung Tissues from World Trade Center Health Registry Decedents and Community Controls.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Correction: Colbeth et al. Mortality among Fire Department of the City of New York Rescue and Recovery Workers Exposed to the World Trade Center Disaster, 2001-2017.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Association of Lung Function Decline with All-Cause and Cancer-Cause Mortality after World Trade Center Dust Exposure.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2023Article
- All-cause and cause-specific mortality in a cohort of WTC-exposed and non-WTC-exposed firefighters.Occupational and environmental medicine · 2023Article
- A 15-year follow-up study of mortality in a pooled cohort of World Trade Center rescue and recovery workers.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Health effects following exposure to dust from the World Trade Center disaster: An update.Life sciences · 2022Review
- Application of Standardized Proportional Mortality Ratio to the Assessment of Health Risk in Relatively Healthy Populations: Using a Study of Cancer Risk in Telecommunication Workers with Excess Exposure to Acid Mists as an Example.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- 9/11 Health Update.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Development of a Manual for Disaster Medical Support Using Korean Medicine for Disaster Survivors.Journal of integrative and complementary medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The World Trade Center (WTC) attacks on 9/11/2001 have consistently been associated with elevated rates of physical and mental health morbidities, while evidence about mortality has been limited. We examined mortality between 9/12/2001 and 12/31/2017 among 15,431 WTC-exposed Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) firefighters and emergency medical service providers (EMS), specifically assessing associations between intensity of WTC-exposure and mortality risk. Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) compared FDNY cohort mortality with the US general population using life table analysis. Deaths were identified via linkage to the National Death Index. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to identify associations between intensity of WTC-exposure and mortality, accounting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking history, and other relevant confounders. We identified 546 deaths and a lower than expected all-cause mortality rate (SMR = 0.34; 95% CI, 0.31–0.37). No cause-specific SMRs were meaningfully elevated. Mortality hazard ratios showed no association or linear trend with level of WTC-exposure. Our results provide evidence of the healthy worker effect, despite exposure to the World Trade Center. More follow-up time may be needed to assess the full impact of WTC-exposure on mortality in this occupational population.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.