ArticleIn vivo (Athens, Greece)
Raloxifene and Bazedoxifene Could Be Promising Candidates for Preventing the COVID-19 Related Cytokine Storm, ARDS and Mortality.
Article in In vivo (Athens, Greece). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19, corticosteroids and public health: a reappraisal.Public health · 2021Pooled it
- Novel soluble bazedoxifene formulation gains antiproliferative and migrastatic effect in squamous cell carcinoma cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Effect of Bazedoxifene and Fulvestrant for Preventing Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome: An Experimental Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Role of interleukin 6 polymorphism and inflammatory markers in outcome of pediatric Covid- 19 patients.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Retrospective Analysis of the Effect of Postmenopausal Women Medications on SARS-CoV-2 Infection Progression.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Benzimidazole compound abrogates SARS-COV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD)/ACE2 interaction In vitro.Microbial pathogenesis · 2023Article
- Autoimmunity, cancer and COVID-19 abnormally activate wound healing pathways: critical role of inflammation.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2022Review
- Antiviral efficacy of selective estrogen receptor modulators against SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro and in vivo reveals bazedoxifene acetate as an entry inhibitor.Journal of medical virology · 2022Article
- Characterization of raloxifene as a potential pharmacological agent against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.Cell death & disease · 2022Article
- Mechanism of Caspase-1 Inhibition by Four Anti-inflammatory Drugs Used in COVID-19 Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Repurposing of Chemotherapeutics to Combat COVID-19.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2022Article
- Estrogen and Estrogen Receptor Modulators: Potential Therapeutic Strategies for COVID-19 and Breast Cancer.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Garcinia kola and garcinoic acid suppress SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein S1-induced hyper-inflammation in human PBMCs through inhibition of NF-κB activation.Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2021Article
- Sex-tailored pharmacology and COVID-19: Next steps towards appropriateness and health equity.Pharmacological research · 2021Review
- Science's Response to CoVID-19.ChemMedChem · 2021Review
- Osteoporosis care amidst the prolonged pandemic.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2021Review
- Estrogen Receptor Modulators in Viral Infections Such as SARS-CoV-2: Therapeutic Consequences.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Vaccination for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Relationship to Osteoporosis Care: Current Evidence and Suggested Approaches.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2021Article
- iPSC screening for drug repurposing identifies anti-RNA virus agents modulating host cell susceptibility.FEBS open bio · 2021Article
- Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS) - Potential role for cytokines such Is IL-6.Physiological research · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The FDA-approved drugs raloxifene and bazedoxifene could be among the best candidates to prevent mortality in severe COVID-19 patients. Raloxifene and bazedoxifene inhibit IL-6 signaling at therapeutic doses, suggesting they have the potential to prevent the cytokine storm, ARDS and mortality in severe COVID-19 patients, as is being shown with humanized antibodies blocking IL-6 signaling. In addition, raloxifene and bazedoxifene are selective estrogen receptor modulators with strong antiviral activity.
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Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.