ArticleInfant behavior & development2020
Screen time in 36-month-olds at increased likelihood for ASD and ADHD.
Article in Infant behavior & development, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The association between screen exposure and autism spectrum disorder in children: meta-analysis.Reviews on environmental health · 2025Pooled it
- Screen Time and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2023Pooled it
- Association of Screen Time With Internalizing and Externalizing Behavior Problems in Children 12 Years or Younger: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Toddler Screen Time: Longitudinal Associations with Autism and ADHD Symptoms and Developmental Outcomes.Child psychiatry and human development · 2026Article
- Screen time in preschool-aged children and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder-related behaviors: A literature review.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Review
- Excessive digital devices use as an intermediate variable between heterogeneous adverse childhood experiences and psychopathology in US adolescents: a latent class cross-sectional analysis.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Association between some environmental risk factors and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder among children in Egypt: a case-control study.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- The Correlation Between Screen Time and the Probability of Developing Autism Spectrum Disorder.Cureus · 2024Article
- Trends in Body Mass Index Among Individuals With Neurodevelopmental Disorders.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Objective measurement of movement variability using wearable sensors predicts ASD outcomes in infants at high likelihood for ASD and ADHD.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2024Article
- Parenting attitude towards children with autism spectrum disorders: the Japan environment and children's study.BMJ paediatrics open · 2024Article
- Exposure to Language in Video and its Impact on Linguistic Development in Children Aged 3-11: A Scoping Review.Journal of cognition · 2024Article
- Reducing harm and promoting positive media use strategies: new perspectives in understanding the impact of preschooler media use on health and development.Psicologia, reflexao e critica : revista semestral do Departamento de Psicologia da UFRGS · 2023Review
- Early Screen-Time Exposure and Its Association With Risk of Developing Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2023Review
- Familial context influences media usage in 0- to 4-year old children.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Association between screen time and suspected developmental coordination disorder in preschoolers: A national population-based study in China.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Differentiating Post-Digital Nannying Autism Syndrome from Autism Spectrum Disorders in Young Children: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Patterns of objectively measured motor activity among infants developing ASD and concerns for ADHD.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2022Article
- Internet-based versus face-to-face intervention training for parents of young children with excessive screen-time and autism spectrum disorder-like symptoms: a comparative study.International journal of developmental disabilities · 2022Article
- Postural Control in Childhood: Investigating the Neurodevelopmental Gradient Hypothesis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We examined the relationship between video-based media viewing (screen time), behavioral outcomes, and language development in 120 36-month-old children with a family history of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or no family history of either condition. Participants were classified into one of three diagnostic groups: ASD (n = 20), ADHD Concerns (children with elevated ADHD symptoms; n = 14), or Comparison (n = 86). Children in the ADHD Concerns group spent more time viewing screen media than Comparison children. Increased screen time was associated with lower receptive and expressive language scores across groups. Future longitudinal studies are needed to determine the direction of effects and causality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.